Image encoding and decoding using color space
Embodiments of the present disclosure can include devices for storing and exchanging color space encoded images. The encoded images can store input data into high capacity multi-colored composite two-dimensional pictures having different symbols organized in specific order using sets in a color space. The encoding can include performing two-level error correction and generating frames based on the color space for formatting and calibrating the encoded images during decoding. The decoding can use the frames to perform color restoration and distortion correction. The decoding can be based on a pseudo-Euclidean distance between a distorted color and a color in a color calibration cells. In some embodiments, an encoded image can be further divided into sub-images during encoding for simplified distortion correction.
1. A computer-implemented method for encoding data using a color space, the method comprising:
receiving, at a capturing device, data for encoding;
creating, at the capturing device, colored cells within a color space to provide an encoded representation of the received data in an image by processing the received data to obtain a stream of integers, each integer in the stream of integers corresponding to a color in the color space for a cell in the image; and
creating, at the capturing device, one or more additional cells, including color calibration cells, adjoining the image, the one or more additional cells for assisting in decoding the image by determining a pseudo-Euclidean metric in the color space, the metric measuring distance including a measure of an average of a red component in the colored cells and a red component in the color calibration cells.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the creating the colored cells includes
determining a code sequence by performing error correction on the data; and
determining the colors by
processing one or more codes in the code sequence to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the creating the colored cells includes
scrambling the received data; and
determining the colors by
processing the scrambled data to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the creating the colored cells includes
determining a code sequence by performing error correction on the data;
scrambling the code sequence; and
determining the colors by
processing one or more codes in the scrambled code sequence to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
5. The method of claim 1 , the one or more additional cells including a frame surrounding the image.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pseudo-Euclidean metric is defined as:
Δ
C
=
(
X
+
r
_
256
)
Δ
R
2
+
Y
Δ
G
2
+
(
Z
+
255
-
r
_
256
)
Δ
B
2
wherein:
ΔC is a pseudo-Euclidean distance between two colors,
C 1 includes a red component R 1 , a green component G 1 , and a blue component B 1 ,
C 2 includes a red component R 2 , a green component G 2 , and a blue component B 2 ,
X, Y and Z represent coefficients,
ΔR=R 2 −R 1 ,
ΔG=G 2 −G 1 ,
ΔB=B 2 −B 1 , and
r
_
=
R
1
+
R
2
2
.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the coefficients of the pseudo-Euclidean metric are defined as X=2, Y=4 and Z=2.
8. A computer-implemented method for decoding an image using a color space, the method comprising:
receiving, at a processing device including a decoding module, an image having colored cells corresponding to a stream of integers encoding data;
locating, at the decoding module, the image by locating one or more additional cells, including color calibration cells, adjoining the image; and
decoding, at the decoding module, data based at least in part on the colored cells and the one or more additional cells adjoining the image by determining a pseudo-Euclidean metric in the color space, the metric measuring distance including a measure of an average of a red component in the colored cells and a red component in the color calibration cells.
9. The method of claim 8 , the one or more additional cells including a frame surrounding the image.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pseudo-Euclidean metric is defined as:
Δ
C
=
(
X
+
r
_
256
)
Δ
R
2
+
Y
Δ
G
2
+
(
Z
+
255
-
r
_
256
)
Δ
B
2
wherein:
ΔC is a pseudo-Euclidean distance between two colors,
C 1 includes a red component R 1 , a green component G 1 , and a blue component B 1 ,
C 2 includes a red component R 2 , a green component G 2 , and a blue component B 2 ,
X, Y and Z represent coefficients,
ΔR=R 2 −R 1 ,
ΔG=G 2 −G 1 ,
ΔB=B 2 −B 1 , and
r
_
=
R
1
+
R
2
2
.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the coefficients of the pseudo-Euclidean metric are defined as X=2, Y=4 and Z=2.
12. A system for encoding data using a color space, the system comprising
storage;
memory; and
at least one processor configured to use the storage and memory to:
receive data for encoding;
create colored cells within a color space to provide an encoded representation of the received data in an image by processing the received data to obtain a stream of integers, each integer in the stream of integers corresponding to a color in the color space for a cell in the image; and
create one or more additional cells, including color calibration cells, adjoining the image, the one or more additional cells for assisting in decoding the image by determining a pseudo-Euclidean metric in the color space, the metric measuring distance including a measure of an average of a red component in the colored cells and a red component in the color calibration cells.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor configured to create the colored cells includes
the at least one processor configured to
determine a code sequence by performing error correction on the data; and
determine the colors by
processing one or more codes in the code sequence to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor configured to create the colored cells includes
the at least one processor configured to
scramble the received data; and
determine the colors by
processing the scrambled data to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor configured to create the colored cells includes
the at least one processor configured to
determine a code sequence by performing error correction on the data;
scramble the code sequence; and
determine the colors by
processing one or more codes in the scrambled code sequence to obtain the stream of integers; and
mapping the resulting integers to a color in one or more color calibration cells, the one or more color calibration cells containing one or more samples of colors used in the encoded image.
16. The system of claim 12 , the one or more additional cells including a frame surrounding the image.
17. The system of claim 12 , wherein the pseudo-Euclidean metric is defined as:
Δ
C
=
(
X
+
r
_
256
)
Δ
R
2
+
Y
Δ
G
2
+
(
Z
+
255
-
r
_
256
)
Δ
B
2
wherein:
ΔC is a pseudo-Euclidean distance between two colors,
C 1 includes a red component R 1 , a green component G 1 , and a blue component B 1 ,
C 2 includes a red component R 2 , a green component G 2 , and a blue component B 2 ,
X, Y and Z represent coefficients,
ΔR=R 2 −R 1 ,
ΔG=G 2 −G 1 ,
ΔB=B 2 −B 1 , and
r
_
=
R
1
+
R
2
2
.
18. A system for decoding an image using a color space, the system comprising:
storage;
memory; and
at least one processor configured to use the storage and memory to:
receive an image having colored cells corresponding to a stream of integers encoding data;
locate the image by locating one or more additional cells, including color calibration cells, adjoining the image; and
decode data based at least in part on the colored cells and the one or more additional cells adjoining the image by determining a pseudo-Euclidean metric, the metric measuring distance including a measure of an average of a red component in the colored cells and a red component of a color in the color calibration cells.
19. The system of claim 18 , the one or more additional cells including a frame surrounding the image.
20. The system of claim 18 , wherein the pseudo-Euclidean metric is defined as:
Δ
C
=
(
X
+
r
_
256
)
Δ
R
2
+
Y
Δ
G
2
+
(
Z
+
255
-
r
_
256
)
Δ
B
2
wherein:
ΔC is a pseudo-Euclidean distance between two colors,
C 1 includes a red component R 1 , a green component G 1 , and a blue component B 1 ,
C 2 includes a red component R 2 , a green component G 2 , and a blue component B 2 ,
X, Y and Z represent coefficients,
ΔR=R 2 −R 1 ,
ΔG=G 2 −G 1 ,
ΔB=B 2 −B 1 , and
r
_
=
R
1
+
R
2
2
.