Systems and methods for attitude control of tethered aerostats
A control system for a tethered aerostat is provided, where up to two rotational and at least one translational degree of freedom are controlled to setpoints through the variation of tether lengths by an actuator system. The term tether includes a single tether, a tether group or a sub section of tether controlled by an individual actuator. Accurate rotational and translational control is essential for the successful operation of an aerostat under several applications, including surveillance, weather monitoring, and power generation. For a given use case, the controller can be constructed and arranged to manage the tradeoff between several key performance characteristics, such as transient performance, steady-state pointing accuracy, tether tension regulation, and power generation.
1. A system for controlling a tethered aerostat, the system comprising:
a base station including an actuation platform having an actuator system that is secured to the tethered aerostat via a plurality of tethers;
the actuation platform having at least two actuators that each respectively control release speeds of at least some of the plurality of tethers, the actuation platform is configured to freely rotate about a pivot axis;
a control unit that provides input to at least one of the at least two actuators to control the release speed of the controlled tethers, the control unit adjusting tether release speeds in order to achieve accurate rotational and translational control of the aerostat, and including the control of at least two translational and/or rotational variables, the control unit comprising separate pitch, roll, and altitude controllers that determine a difference between forward tether and aft tether release rates, a difference between left tether and right tether release rates, and an average tether release rate; and
a remote computer/microcontroller and uni- or be-directional communications link between the base station and the remote computer.
2. The system as set forth in claim 1 including a computer/microcontroller aboard the aerostat and uni- or bi-directional communications link between the base station and aerostat.
3. The system as set forth in claim 1 further including a sensor or sensors capable of measuring wind speed and/or direction.
4. The system as set forth in claim 1 further including sensors capable of measuring tension in the tethers.
5. The system as set forth in claim 1 including an energy generation device at the aerostat for transmitting electrical energy from the aerostat to the base station.