Processing of multicast traffic in computer networks
Each router in a group of routers ( 110 R. 2, 110 R. 3 ) includes an interface (P 4 ) assigned a common virtual address for multicast (VAM). The common VAM is advertised in router advertisings for multicast traffic; other addresses are advertised for unicast. The member routers in the group share multicast forwarding databases. Increased throughput is therefore provided for multicast traffic without traffic replication. Any router in the group can service requests from end-point sources and receivers of multicast traffic, e.g. requests to join or leave a multicast group, or requests presented as multicast packets for forwarding to a multicast group.
1. A method for operating a first switch comprising a plurality of interfaces which include a first interface, the method comprising:
obtaining, by the first switch, a first address of the first switch and a second address of the first switch;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the first address, wherein the first interface is connected to one or more second interfaces of one or more second switches in a network comprising the first switch, wherein the first interface and each second interface are operable to transmit and receive unicast packets according to a first unicast protocol and multicast packets according to a first multicast protocol, the first switch advertising the first address in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the first switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the second address in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the first switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the network comprises, in addition to the second switches, a group of switches which includes the first switch;
the group of switches comprises a group of interfaces which are connected to a logical interface of a corresponding switch which is one of the one or more second switches, the group of interfaces including at least one interface of each member switch of the group of switches;
wherein the corresponding switch is operable to select the logical interface for transmitting thereon a unicast or multicast packet, and when the logical interface is selected then the second switch transmits the unicast or multicast packet on the logical interface to at most one member switch;
wherein for each member switch, for each interface which belongs to the member switch and to the group of interfaces, the method comprises the member switch advertising, on the interface:
a first address of the member switch, the first address being advertised in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the member switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol; and
a second address of the member switch, the second address being advertised in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the member switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address of the member switch;
wherein the second addresses of all the member switches are identical to each other; and
wherein the first addresses of different member switches are different from each other.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein:
each member switch comprises a database specifying processing of multicast packets according to the first multicast protocol;
wherein the first switch receives updates to the first switch's database from one or more other member switches upon any one of the one or more other member switches receiving the updates from outside the group of switches; and
wherein the first switch sends updates to one or more other member switches when the first switch receives updates from outside the group of switches.
4. The method of claim 2 further comprising the first switch sending data on the first interface to one or more of second switches that operate according to the first multicast protocol, the data informing one or more switches outside the switch group about adding, deleting, or modifying a multicast path, the data identifying the first switch by the second address.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein each member switch is associated with a set of one or more network nodes to provide a service to each of the one or more network nodes with respect to the first multicast protocol, the service comprising at least one of:
servicing a request from each of the one or more network nodes to join or leave a multicast group or to change participation in a multicast group;
forwarding a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol;
receiving a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol to deliver the multicast packet to the network node to which the service is provided;
wherein each member switch is operable to communicate with any node of the set outside the switch group to provide said service.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second addresses are network addresses.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second addresses are constructed according to a protocol independent of any network medium.
8. An information handling system comprising a first switch comprising a plurality of interfaces for receiving and forwarding network traffic, the plurality of interfaces comprising a first interface, the first switch being operable to perform a method comprising:
obtaining, by the first switch, a first address of the first switch and a second address of the first switch;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the first address, wherein in the method the first interface is connected to one or more second interfaces of one or more second switches in a network comprising the first switch, wherein in the method the first interface and each second interface are operable to transmit and receive unicast packets according to a first unicast protocol and multicast packets according to a first multicast protocol, the first switch advertising the first address in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the first switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the second address in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the first switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address.
9. The information handling system of claim 8 wherein:
the first switch is operable in the network which comprises, in addition to the second switches, a group of switches which includes the first switch;
the group of switches comprises a group of interfaces which are connected to a logical interface of a corresponding switch which is one of the one or more second switches, the group of interfaces including at least one interface of each member switch of the group of switches;
wherein the corresponding switch is operable to select a logical interface for transmitting thereon a unicast or multicast packet, and when the logical interface is selected then the second switch transmits the unicast or multicast packet on the logical interface to at most one member switch;
wherein for each member switch, for each interface which belongs to the member switch and to the group of interfaces, the method comprises the member switch advertising, on the interface:
a first address of the member switch, the first address being advertised in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the member switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol; and
a second address of the member switch, the second address being advertised in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the member switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address of the member switch;
wherein the second addresses of all the member switches are identical to each other; and
wherein the first addresses of different member switches are different from each other.
10. The information handling system of claim 9 , wherein in operation:
each member switch comprises a database specifying processing of multicast packets according to the first multicast protocol;
wherein the first switch receives updates to the first switch's database from one or more other member switches upon any one of the one or more other member switches receiving the updates from outside the group of switches; and
wherein the first switch sends updates to one or more other member switches when the first switch receives updates from outside the group of switches.
11. The information handling system of claim 9 wherein the first switch is operable to send data on the first interface to one or more of second switches that operate according to the first multicast protocol, the data informing one or more switches outside the switch group about adding, deleting, or modifying a multicast path, the data identifying the first switch by the second address.
12. The information handling system of claim 9 wherein each member switch is to be associated with a set of one or more network nodes to provide a service to each of the one or more network nodes with respect to the first multicast protocol, the service comprising at least one of:
servicing a request from each of the one or more network nodes to join or leave a multicast group or to change participation in a multicast group;
forwarding a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol;
receiving a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol to deliver the multicast packet to the network node to which the service is provided;
wherein each member switch is operable to communicate with any node of the set outside the switch group to provide said service.
13. The information handling system of claim 8 wherein the first and second addresses are network addresses.
14. The information handling system of claim 8 wherein the first and second addresses are constructed according to a protocol independent of any network medium.
15. One or more non-transitory computer readable media comprising a computer program operable to cause a first switch which comprises a plurality of interfaces including a first interface, to perform a method comprising:
obtaining, by the first switch, a first address of the first switch and a second address of the first switch;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the first address, wherein in the method the first interface is connected to one or more second interfaces of one or more second switches in a network comprising the first switch, wherein in the method the first interface and each second interface are operable to transmit and receive unicast packets according to a first unicast protocol and multicast packets according to a first multicast protocol, the first switch advertising the first address in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the first switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol;
advertising by the first switch, on the first interface, the second address in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the first switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address.
16. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 15 wherein:
the first switch is operable in the network which comprises, in addition to the second switches, a group of switches which includes the first switch;
the group of switches comprises a group of interfaces which are connected to a logical interface of a corresponding switch which is one of the one or more second switches, the group of interfaces including at least one interface of each member switch of the group of switches;
wherein the corresponding switch is operable to select the logical interface for transmitting thereon a unicast or multicast packet, and when the logical interface is selected then the second switch transmits the unicast or multicast packet on the logical interface to at most one member switch;
wherein for each member switch, for each interface which belongs to the member switch and to the group of interfaces, the method comprises the member switch advertising, on the interface:
a first address of the member switch, the first address being advertised in accordance with the first unicast protocol, to enable the one or more second switches to forward unicast packets to the member switch in accordance with the first unicast protocol; and
a second address of the member switch, the second address being advertised in accordance with the first multicast protocol but not in accordance with the first unicast protocol, wherein the second address is for use by the one or more second switches in sending one or more multicast control packets to the member switch in accordance with the first multicast protocol, wherein the second address is different from the first address of the member switch;
wherein the second addresses of all the member switches are identical to each other; and
wherein the first addresses of different member switches are different from each other.
17. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 16 , wherein in the method:
each member switch comprises a database specifying processing of multicast packets according to the first multicast protocol;
the first switch receives updates to the first switch's database from one or more other member switches upon any one of the one or more other member switches receiving the updates from outside the group of switches; and
wherein the first switch sends updates to one or more other member switches when the first switch receives updates from outside the group of switches.
18. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 16 wherein the method further comprises the first switch sending data on the first interface to one or more of second switches that operate according to the first multicast protocol, the data informing one or more switches outside the switch group about adding, deleting, or modifying a multicast path, the data identifying the first switch by the second address.
19. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 16 wherein in the method, each member switch is associated with a set of one or more network nodes to provide a service to each of the one or more network nodes with respect to the first multicast protocol, the service comprising at least one of:
servicing a request from each of the one or more network nodes to join or leave a multicast group or to change participation in a multicast group;
forwarding a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol;
receiving a multicast packet according to the first multicast protocol to deliver the multicast packet to the network node to which the service is provided;
wherein each member switch is operable to communicate with any node of the set outside the switch group to provide said service.
20. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 15 wherein the first and second addresses are network addresses.
21. The one or more non-transitory computer readable media of claim 15 wherein the first and second addresses are constructed according to a protocol independent of any network medium.