Apparatus for unloading CNG from storage vessels
Methods and apparatus for offloading CNG from high-pressure storage vessels ( 22 ) are provided. The methods and apparatus are operable to warm the offloaded CNG either before or after a letdown in pressure to ensure that the delivered product is gaseous and that delivery of condensed products to downstream equipment is avoided. Particularly, a heating assembly ( 32 ) configured to warm a stream offloaded from a vessel ( 22 ) and flowing through a coil-shaped conduit ( 84 ) by infrared energy emitted by one or more heating elements ( 70 ) is provided upstream or downstream of a pressure reduction device ( 50 ).
1. An apparatus for unloading compressed natural gas (CNG) from a storage vessel comprising:
coupling structure for connecting said apparatus to the storage vessel containing the CNG and delivering CNG offloaded from the storage vessel to said apparatus;
a heating apparatus comprising at least one heater;
a first conduit section configured to conduct the offloaded natural gas stream through said heating apparatus, said coupling structure and said first conduit section configured to deliver said offloaded natural gas stream to said heating apparatus without substantially reducing the pressure of the offloaded natural gas stream, said heating apparatus positioned adjacent to at least a portion of said first conduit section and configured to deliver energy to said first conduit section for heating of said natural gas stream flowing therethrough; and
a second conduit section comprising a pressure let down valve located downstream from said heating apparatus and operable to reduce the pressure of said natural gas stream.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said apparatus comprises a third conduit section configured to conduct the reduced pressure natural gas stream through said heating apparatus.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said third conduit section comprises a pressure let down valve operable to further reduce the pressure of the reduced pressure natural gas stream.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said first conduit section is configured with a first conduit section inlet and first conduit section outlet, and wherein said inlet has a lower elevation within said apparatus than said outlet so as to retain condensates from said offloaded natural gas stream within said first conduit section.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said first conduit section comprises a first conduit section inlet and first conduit section outlet, and wherein said first conduit section further comprises a coil having at least one complete turn between said inlet and said outlet.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein said coil comprises a central longitudinal axis oriented in a substantially upright, vertical configuration.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein said coil comprises a central longitudinal axis oriented in a substantially horizontal configuration.
8. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein said apparatus comprises at least two opposed heaters located about said coil.
9. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein said apparatus comprises a plurality of heaters disposed about said coil.
10. A method of unloading compressed natural gas (CNG) from a storage vessel comprising:
providing a natural gas unloading apparatus comprising:
coupling structure for connecting said apparatus to the storage vessel containing the CNG and delivering CNG offloaded from the storage vessel to said apparatus;
a heating apparatus comprising at least one heater;
a first conduit section configured to conduct the offloaded natural gas stream through said heating apparatus, said heating apparatus positioned adjacent to at least a portion of said first conduit section and configured to deliver energy to said first conduit section for heating of said natural gas stream flowing therethrough; and
a second conduit section comprising a pressure let down valve located downstream from said heating apparatus and operable to reduce the pressure of said natural gas stream;
connecting said storage vessel to said coupling structure and causing said CNG to flow through said coupling structure and said first conduit section as an offloaded natural gas stream without performing any substantial reduction in the pressure of said offloaded natural gas stream between the passage thereof through said coupling structure and said heating apparatus;
heating said offloaded natural gas stream flowing through said first conduit section within said heating apparatus to produce a warmed offloaded natural gas stream;
reducing the pressure of said warmed offloaded natural gas stream by passing said warmed offloaded natural gas stream through said pressure let down valve of said second conduit section; and
delivering from said natural gas unloading apparatus a usable natural gas product.