Semiconductor component with a space saving edge structure

1. A semiconductor component comprising:

a semiconductor body comprising a first side and a second side, and a first semiconductor layer having a basic doping of a first conductivity type;

at least one active component zone of a second conductivity type, which is complementary to the first conductivity type, in the first semiconductor layer;

a cell array with a plurality of trenches, each trench including a field electrode and a field electrode dielectric, wherein in the cell array the at least one active component zone of the second conductivity type is electrically connected to an electrode, the cell array including an edge region, wherein the edge region of the cell array includes at least an outermost trench of the cell array and a trench of the cell array adjacent to the outermost trench; and

at least one cell array edge zone of the second conductivity type, the at least one cell array edge zone arranged only in the edge region of the cell array at least partially below and having an interface with at least one trench in the edge region of the cell array, wherein the cell array edge zone is spaced apart from the first side of the semiconductor body,

wherein the semiconductor component is implemented as a MOS transistor and comprising in the inner region a plurality of transistor cells, each transistor cell comprising: a source zone of a first conductivity type, a drift zone of the first conductivity type, and a body zone of the second conductivity type between the source zone and the drift zone; a gate electrode being disposed adjacent to the body zone and being insulated against the body zone by a gate dielectric, and wherein the gate electrodes of the transistor cells are arranged in the same trenches as the field electrodes, the field electrodes extending deeper into the semiconductor body than the gate electrodes.

2. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor body comprises a semiconductor body inner region and a semiconductor body edge region, wherein the first semiconductor layer extends across the semiconductor body inner region and the semiconductor body edge region, and wherein the at least one active component zone is only in the semiconductor body inner region.

3. The semiconductor component of claim 2 , further comprising:

an edge structure in the semiconductor body edge region.

4. The semiconductor component of claim 3 , wherein the edge structure comprises:

at least one edge trench extending from the first side into the semiconductor body;

a dielectric layer in the semiconductor body edge region; and

a first edge zone of the second conductivity type adjoining the at least one edge trench and being at least partially disposed below the at least one edge trench.

5. The semiconductor component of claim 4 , wherein the cell array edge zone adjoins one edge zone in the lateral direction of the semiconductor body.

6. The semiconductor component of claim 4 , wherein the outermost trench of the cell array is adjacent to the at least one edge trench, and wherein the cell array edge zone adjoins the outermost trench of the cell array.

7. The semiconductor component of claim 6 , wherein the outermost trench is ring-shaped and terminates the cell array in a lateral direction of the semiconductor body.

8. The semiconductor component of claim 4 , wherein the cell array edge zone is distant to the first edge zone.

9. The semiconductor component of claim 4 , further comprising:

a second edge zone of the second conductivity type separated from the first edge zone, laterally adjoining the at least one edge trench and adjoining the first side.

10. The semiconductor component of claim 4 , wherein the first edge zone has a doping concentration such that the first edge zone can be completely depleted or can be depleted except for an area having dimensions smaller than a lateral width of the edge trench when a transistor of which the at least one trench of the cell array is a part is in an off-state.

11. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , wherein the edge region of the cell array extends along an edge of the cell array and has a size of between 0.1% and 2% of a size of the cell array in a horizontal plane of the semiconductor body.

12. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , wherein the cell array edge zone of the cell array is ring-shaped in a horizontal plane of the semiconductor body.

13. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , further comprising:

an edge electrode in at least one edge trench, the edge electrode separated from the semiconductor body by the an edge dielectric.

14. The semiconductor component of claim 13 , wherein the at least one edge trench is completely filled with the edge dielectric.

15. The semiconductor component of claim 13 , wherein the edge electrode is electrically coupled to a semiconductor zone doped complementary to a basic doping of the semiconductor layer and arranged between the at least one edge trench and the inner region.

16. The semiconductor component of claim 15 , wherein the semiconductor zone adjoins the at least one edge trench.

17. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cell array edge zone has a doping concentration such that the cell array edge zone can be completely depleted or can be depleted except for an area having dimensions smaller than a lateral width of the edge trench when a transistor of which the at least one trench of the cell array is a part is in an off-state.

18. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least two edge trenches, the at least two edge trenches being disposed distant to each other in a lateral direction of the semiconductor body; and

a number of first edge zones corresponding to the number of trenches.

19. The semiconductor component of claim 18 , comprising a number of second edge zones corresponding to the number of trenches, with each of the second edge zones adjoining one edge trench in a direction opposite to the direction of the inner region.

20. The semiconductor component of claim 19 , wherein each of the second edge zones are disposed between two edge trenches and extend in a lateral direction from trench to trench.

21. The semiconductor component of claim 1 , wherein the edge region of the cell array includes fewer than all trenches of the cell array.

22. A semiconductor component comprising:

a semiconductor body comprising a first side and a second side, and a first semiconductor layer having a basic doping of a first conductivity type;

at least one active component zone of a second conductivity type, which is complementary to the first conductivity type, in the first semiconductor layer;

a cell array with a plurality of trenches, each trench including a field electrode and a field electrode dielectric, wherein in the cell array the at least one active component zone of the second conductivity type is electrically connected to an electrode, the cell array including an edge region, wherein the edge region of the cell array includes at least an outermost trench of the cell array and a trench of the cell array adjacent to the outermost trench; and

at least one cell array edge zone of the second conductivity type, the at least one cell array edge zone arranged only in the edge region of the cell array at least partially below and having an interface with at least one trench in the edge region of the cell array, wherein the cell array edge zone is spaced apart from the first side of the semiconductor body, wherein the semiconductor layer comprises a first partial layer and a second partial layer below the first partial layer and having a lower doping concentration than the first partial layer.

23. The semiconductor component of claim 22 , wherein the plurality of trenches of the cell array extends into the second partial layer.