Method and apparatus for fabricating variable gauge, contoured composite stiffeners
Method and tooling apparatus for forming a composite charge into a contoured composite blade stringer including an elongate punch and an elongate die flexible along their lengths. The charge is press formed by using the punch to drive the charge into the die. The punch and the die are mounted between a pair of flexible plates. A press coupled with the plates contours the charge by bending the plates into a desired contour. The stringer is allowed to cool down to room temperature while being constrained, before withdrawing the stringer from the tooling apparatus in order to reduce wrinkling.
1. A method of fabricating a composite blade stiffener, the blade having a web and a pair of flanges, comprising:
forming a substantially flat charge;
placing the charge in a die;
placing a heating blanket on the charge in the die;
heating the charge to a forming temperature using the heating blanket;
using a punch to form the charge into a hat shape having the pair of flanges by driving the substantially flat charge into a cavity in a die;
applying pressure to the web of the blade to set a radii, the web being a first portion of the blade which is about vertical relative to the pair of flanges, which are about horizontal to the web of the blade;
withdrawing the punch from the cavity in the die;
loading a plate over the die and covering the pair of flanges;
holding the pair of flanges against the die by forcing the punch against the plate;
forming the hat shape into the blade by using the die to squeeze the hat while the pair of flanges are held against the die;
contouring the blade while a pressure is applied to the web and the pair of flanges, to form a contoured blade, the pressure being greater than atmospheric pressure; and
holding the contoured blade under the pressure until the contoured blade reaches room temperature.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
contouring the charge along a length of the charge by contouring the die and the punch before the blade is formed.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
contouring the charge along a length of the charge by contouring the die and the punch after the blade is formed.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
placing a filler between the pair of flanges after the blade has been formed;
reloading the plate over the pair of flanges and the filler; and
compressing the filler by driving the punch down against the plate then holding the blade under pressure until it has reached room temperature.