Methods and compositions for tattoo removal
Methods and formulations for removing a tattoo by using a cell disrupter in combination with a vasodilator, and optionally one or more of an osmotic modifying agent, a chelation agent, and an occlusive modifying agent. Embodiments optionally further include using one or more of an antibiotic, anesthetic, penetration enhancer, excipient, carrier and vehicle.
1. A method of removing a tattoo from a region of skin, the method comprising
treating the region with a cell disruptor; and
administering to the region a tattoo removal composition comprising a vasodilator and at least one osmotic modifying agent,
wherein the osmotic modifying agent is selected from the group consisting of sorbitol and mannitol and is present in the composition in an amount sufficient, when the composition is administered, to draw fluid from cells of the skin into interstitial spaces of the skin so as to cause cell shrinkage and an increase in the volume of interstitial spaces and the vasodilator causes enlargement of blood vessels in the region and leakage of fluid from the blood vessels into the interstitial spaces, so that fluid, resulting from the leakage and from the action of the osmotic agent, in the enlarged interstitial spaces, functions to help carry away ink aggregates from the skin tissue, and the composition and the cell disruptor thus cause removal of the tattoo.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one chelating agent.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes applying the composition topically to the region.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes injecting the composition into the region of skin with a suitable medical device.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein injecting the composition includes using any one of a hypodermic needle, a syringe, and a needleless injection device.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes delivering the composition by one or more of a topical formulation, a patch-like device, an iontophoresis device, a sonophoresis device, and an injection.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes covering the region with a non-breathable occlusive barrier that dries on the skin.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes covering the region with a physical non-breathable occlusive barrier.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor includes using externally applied energy.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor includes using a laser.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor includes using externally applied energy derived from at least one of thermal, sonic, ultrasound, visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, electric, magnetic, chemical, enzymatic, and mechanical energy.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor takes place after administering the composition.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor takes place before administering the composition.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the region with the cell disruptor takes place coincident with administering the composition.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition occurs in a single dose.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition occurs in one of multiple doses or multiple times per day.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes administering it to one of a human or a non-human animal.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering the composition includes applying the composition via a transdermal patch.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is delivered a topical dosage form selected from the group consisting of cream, an ointment, an aerosol formulation, a non-aerosol spray, a gel, a foam, a solution, a suspension, a dispersion, an emulsion, a micro-emulsion, a paste, a powder, a solid stick, a wipe, an oil, and a lotion.