MEMS multi-axis gyroscope Z-axis electrode structure
Various examples include microelectromechanical die for sensing motion that includes symmetrical proof-mass electrodes interdigitated with asymmetrical stator electrodes. Some of these examples include electrodes that are curved around an axis orthogonal to the plane in which the electrodes are disposed. An example provides vertical flexures coupling an inner gimbal to a proof-mass in a manner permitting flexure around a horizontal axis.
1. A microelectromechanical die for sensing motion, comprising:
a substrate;
a proof-mass coupled to the substrate at an anchor, the proof-mass including:
a first portion moveable with respect to the anchor, the first portion including a first proof-mass electrode; and
a second portion, opposite the first portion with respect to the anchor, the second portion moveable with respect to the anchor and the first portion, the second portion including a second proof-mass electrode;
a first stator coupled to the substrate and including a first stator electrode extending alongside the first proof-mass electrode of the first portion of the proof-mass to form a first electrode pair; and
a second stator coupled to the substrate and including a second stator electrode, opposite the first stator electrode, and extending alongside the second proof-mass electrode of the second portion of the proof-mass to form a second electrode pair;
wherein in a first vibratory mode, in which the first portion of the proof-mass is to move away from the second portion of the proof-mass, the proof-mass, the first stator electrode, and the second stator electrode are arranged such that a distance between electrodes of the first electrode pair is inversely proportional to a distance between electrodes of the second electrode pair.
2. The die of claim 1 , wherein the first proof-mass electrode of the proof-mass is opposite the second proof-mass electrode of the proof-mass, across the anchor and wherein the first stator electrode is coupled to the substrate opposite the second stator electrode, across the anchor.
3. The die of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the proof-mass is symetrical, across the anchor, with the second portion of the proof-mass, and the first stator is asymmetrical, across the anchor, with respect to the second stator.
4. The die of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode pair comprises a first capacitor, and the second electrode pair comprises a second capacitor.
5. The die of claim 1 , wherein each of the first proof-mass electrode and the first stator electrode are elongate, with a distance between the first proof-mass electrode and the first stator electrode being substantially constant along the length of each., wherein each of the second proof-mass electrode and the second stator electrode are elongate, with a distance between the second proof-mass electrode and the second stator electrode being substantially constant along the length of each.
6. The die of claim 1 , wherein the proof-mass defines
a first opening on a first side of the anchor, with the first portion of the proof-mass moveably coupled therein, with a first plurality of proof-mass electrodes, including the first proof-mass electrode, extending into the opening, spaced apart from one another; and
a second opening on a second side of the anchor, with the second portion coupled therein, with a second plurality of proof-mass electrodes, including the second proof-mass electrode, extending into the opening, spaced apart from one another.
7. The die of claim 6 , wherein the first stator electrode is one of a first plurality of stator electrodes interdigitated and paired with respective ones of the first plurality of proof-mass electrodes to form the first electrode pair; and wherein the second stator electrode is one of a second plurality of stator electrodes interdigitated and paired with respective ones of the second plurality of stator electrodes to form the second electrode pair.
8. The die of claim 7 , wherein, in the first vibratory mode, the first plurality of stator electrodes is configured to move away from the first plurality of stator electrodes and away from the anchor while the second plurality of stator electrodes is configured to move toward the the second plurality of stator electrodes and toward the anchor.
9. The die of claim 8 , wherein the proof-mass is configured to vibrate with respect to the substrate to vary the distances between the first plurality of stator electrodes and the first plurality of stator electrodes and to vary the distances between the second plurality of stator electrodes and the second plurality of stator electrodes, with one of the first plurality of stator electrodes, closest to the anchor, being a distance from one of the first plurality of stator electrodes, closest to the anchor, when one of the second plurality of stator electrodes, closest to the anchor, is a greater distance from one of the second plurality of stator electrodes, closest to the anchor.
10. The die of claim 1 , wherein the first proof-mass electrode, the second proof-mass electrode, the first stator electrode and the second stator electrode are curved, wherein each of the electrodes curves around an axis around which the proof-mass is configured to rotate in a second vibratory mode.
11. A method for sensing motion with a microelectromechanical die, comprising:
exciting vibration of a first portion of a proof-mass and a second portion of the proof-mass so the first portion and the second portion move together and apart in synchrony, toward a respective first stator and second stator; and
sensing motion of the die along a direction extending between the first portion of the proof-mass and the second portion of the proof-mass by measuring a differential in respective capacitance values for the first stator and the second stator.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first portion includes a first proof-mass electrode that moves toward a first stator electrode of a first stator while the second portion includes a second proof-mass electrode that moves away from a second stator electrode of a second stator.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein sensing motion includes sensing a differential between a first capacitance of a first electrode pair including the first proof-mass electrode and the first stator electrode, and a second electrode pair including the second proof-mass electrode and the second stator electrode.
14. The method of claim 11 , including rotating the proof-mass, in the plane of the proof-mass, without changing the measured differential in respective capacitance values for the first stator and the second stator.
15. The method of claim 14 , including rotating the proof-mass, in the plane of the proof-mass, without changing a distance between electrodes of a first electrode pair including the first proof-mass electrode and the first stator electrode, and without changing a distance between electrodes of a second electrode pair including the second proof-mass electrode and the second stator electrode.