Local seal for encapsulation of electro-optical element on a flexible substrate
An electroluminescent display or lighting product incorporates a panel including a collection of distinct light-emitting elements formed on a substrate. A plurality of distinct local seals are formed over respective individual light-emitting elements or groups of light-emitting elements. Each local seal is formed by depositing a low melting temperature glass powder suspension or paste using inkjet technology, and fusing the glass powder using a scanning laser beam having a tailored beam profile. The local seal may be used in conjunction with a continuous thin film encapsulation structure. Optical functions can be provided by each local seal, including refraction, filtering, color shifting, and scattering.
1. A panel product incorporating an active light-emitting region comprising:
a) a flexible substrate;
b) a two-dimensional array of OLED elements formed on the flexible substrate; and
c) a plurality of separate rigid local encapsulation seals adhered to respective areas over the substrate;
wherein
first and second neighboring OLED elements lie beneath separate first and second local encapsulation seals respectively,
and
for any direction following the surface of the substrate, the width of any one of the local encapsulation seals along that direction is less than one tenth the width of the flexible substrate along the same direction.
2. The panel product of claim 1 wherein the panel product is a television, and the active light-emitting region has extent greater than or equal to 30 cm.
3. The panel product of claim 1 wherein the panel product is a phone, and the active light-emitting region has extent less than or equal to 20 cm.
4. The panel product of claim 1 wherein the panel product comprises an information display monitor, and the active light-emitting region has extent not less than 20 cm and not greater than 150 cm.
5. The panel product of claim 1 wherein the panel product is a wearable product.
6. The panel product of claim 1 wherein the panel product is a lighting product.
7. The panel product of claim 1 , wherein each local encapsulation seal comprises opaque glass.
8. The panel product of claim 1 , wherein each local encapsulation seal comprises light-transmissive glass.
9. The panel product of claim 1 , wherein exactly one light-emitting element lies underneath each local encapsulation seal.
10. The panel product of claim 1 , wherein the numbers of light-emitting elements underneath each local encapsulation seal are chosen from the group consisting of three, four, six, and seven.
11. The panel product of claim 1 , further comprising:
d) a flexible encapsulation seal formed over the local encapsulation seals and extending over the entire array of OLED elements.
12. The panel product of claim 1 , further comprising:
d) a flexible encapsulation seal extending over the entire array of OLED elements, wherein the local encapsulation seals are formed over the flexible encapsulation seal.
13. The panel product of claim 1 , wherein all local encapsulation seals have the same size and shape.
14. A flexible device having an integral two-dimensional array of electro-optical elements, the device comprising:
a plurality of separate local encapsulation seals adhered over respective groups of the electro-optical elements;
wherein
first and second neighboring electro-optical elements lie beneath separate first and second local encapsulation seals respectively,
and
the aspect ratio of each local encapsulation seal is less than or equal to 2:1, and
the maximum number of electro-optical elements underneath any one local encapsulation seal is not more than 4% of the number of electro-optical elements in the two-dimensional array of electro-optical elements.
15. The flexible device of claim 14 , wherein the electro-optical elements emit light.
16. The flexible device of claim 14 , wherein the electro-optical elements control transmission of light, but do not themselves emit light.