Impedance conversion device, antenna device and communication terminal device
In a case in which a capacitor is not provided in parallel with a second inductance element, the impedance ratio between a first inductance element and the second inductance element is constant regardless of the frequency, but when a capacitor is provided, the parallel impedance of the capacitor and the second inductance element gradually increases at frequencies equal to and below the resonant frequency. Consequently, at frequencies equal to or below the resonant frequency, the higher the frequency becomes, the larger the value of the real portion of the impedance observed on a high-frequency-circuit side becomes. Therefore, by appropriately setting the values of the first inductance element, the second inductance element, and the capacitor, the frequency characteristics of the real portion of the impedance observed on the high-frequency-circuit side can be set to be similar to the frequency characteristics of the radiation resistance of the antenna.
1. An impedance conversion device arranged to be inserted between an antenna element and a feeder circuit, the impedance conversion device comprising:
a first circuit including a first inductance element connected to the feeder circuit; and
a second circuit including a second inductance element connected to the antenna element and coupled with the first inductance element; wherein
the second circuit includes a capacitor connected to the second inductance element;
the capacitor is connected in parallel with the second inductance element; and
a first end of the first circuit is connected to the feeder circuit, a second end of the first circuit is connected to the antenna element, a first end of the second circuit is connected to the antenna element and a second end of the second circuit is connected to ground.
2. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein the first inductance element and the second inductance element are defined by conductor patterns arranged inside a multilayer body that includes a plurality of dielectric layers or magnetic layers that are stacked on one another and the capacitor is a chip capacitor mounted on the multilayer body.
3. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein the first inductance element and the second inductance element are defined by conductor patterns arranged inside a multilayer body that includes a plurality of dielectric layers or magnetic layers that are stacked on one another and the capacitor is defined by electrodes that are provided inside the multilayer body and that oppose each other.
4. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein an effective inductance component of the antenna element is reduced by an equivalent negative inductance generated due to the first inductance element and the second inductance element being closely coupled with each other.
5. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein the first inductance element includes a first coil element and a second coil element and the first coil element and the second coil element are connected in series with each other and include conductor coil patterns that define a closed magnetic circuit.
6. The impedance conversion device according to claim 5 , wherein the second inductance element includes a third coil element and a fourth coil element and the third coil element and the fourth coil element are connected in series with each other and include conductor coil patterns that define a closed magnetic circuit.
7. The impedance conversion device according to claim 6 , wherein the capacitor is connected between a connection point between the third coil element and the fourth coil element, and ground.
8. The impedance conversion device according to claim 6 , wherein conductor patterns of the first coil element and the second coil element have a line width that is less than or equal to a line width of conductor patterns of the third coil element and the fourth coil element, and conductor patterns of the third coil element and the fourth coil element are respectively superposed with the conductor patterns of the first coil element and the second coil element when viewed in plan.
9. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein the first inductance element and the second inductance element are coupled with each other through a magnetic field and an electric field and, when an alternating current flows through the first inductance element, a direction in which a current flows through the second inductance element due to coupling via the magnetic field and a direction in which a current flows through the second inductance element due to coupling via the electric field are the same direction.
10. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein, when an alternating current flows through the first inductance element, a direction in which a current flows through the second inductance element is such that a magnetic wall is generated between the first inductance element and the second inductance element.
11. The impedance conversion device according to claim 1 , wherein the first inductance element and the second inductance element are defined by conductor patterns arranged inside a multilayer body including a plurality of dielectric layers or magnetic layers that are stacked on one another, and the first inductance element and the second inductance element are coupled with each other inside the multilayer body.
12. The impedance conversion device according to claim 11 , wherein the second inductance element includes at least two inductance elements that are electrically connected in parallel with each other, and the at least two inductance elements are arranged such that the first inductance element is interposed therebetween.
13. The impedance conversion device according to claim 11 , wherein a ground conductor is provided inside the multilayer body and the second inductance element is arranged so as to be closer to the ground conductor than the first inductance element, and the capacitor is defined by a stray capacitance generated between the second inductance element and the ground conductor.
14. The impedance conversion device according to claim 13 , wherein the ground conductor is arranged so as to sandwich the at least two inductance elements from the outside.
15. An impedance conversion device arranged to be inserted between an antenna element and a feeder circuit, the impedance conversion device comprising:
a first circuit including a first inductance element connected to the feeder circuit; and
a second circuit including a second inductance element coupled with the first inductance element; wherein
frequency characteristics of a real portion of an impedance of the second circuit are different from frequency characteristics of the first circuit in a direction in which frequency characteristics of a real portion of an impedance of the impedance conversion circuit observed from the antenna element side approach frequency characteristics of a radiation resistance of the antenna element;
the second circuit includes a capacitor that is connected to the second inductance element;
the capacitor is connected in parallel with the second inductance element; and
a first end of the first circuit is connected to the feeder circuit, a second end of the first circuit is connected to the antenna element, a first end of the second circuit is connected to the antenna element and a second end of the second circuit is connected to ground.
16. An antenna device comprising:
an antenna element; and
an impedance conversion circuit inserted between the antenna element and a feeder circuit; wherein
the impedance conversion circuit includes:
a first circuit including a first inductance element connected to the feeder circuit; and
a second circuit connected between the antenna element and ground and including a second inductance element that is coupled with the first inductance element;
the second circuit includes a capacitor that is connected to the second inductance element;
the capacitor is connected in parallel with the second inductance element; and
a first end of the first circuit is connected to the feeder circuit, a second end of the first circuit is connected to the antenna element, a first end of the second circuit is connected to the antenna element and a second end of the second circuit is connected to ground.
17. A communication terminal device comprising:
an antenna device that includes an antenna element, a feeder circuit, and an impedance conversion circuit connected between the antenna element and the feeder circuit; wherein
the impedance conversion circuit includes:
a first circuit including a first inductance element connected to the feeder circuit; and
a second circuit that is connected between the antenna element and ground and including a second inductance element that is coupled with the first inductance element;
the second circuit includes a capacitor that is connected to the second inductance element;
the capacitor is connected in parallel with the second inductance element; and
a first end of the first circuit is connected to the feeder circuit, a second end of the first circuit is connected to the antenna element, a first end of the second circuit is connected to the antenna element and a second end of the second circuit is connected to ground.