Enzyme-based self-polishing coating compositions
The present application discloses an enzyme-based self-polishing coating composition comprising a binder phase in the form of a binder system and a pigment phase, said pigment phase comprising (i) a polysaccharide and (ii) an enzyme capable of facilitating hydrolysis of said polysaccharide, said enzyme being immobilized on a carrier material, e.g. on the polysaccharide. The enzyme may be glucoamylase and the polysaccharide may be starch. A marine structure coated with the coating composition; a method for the preparation of the enzyme-based self-polishing coating composition; the use of the polysaccharide and the enzyme in a coating composition to provide self-polishing of said coating composition; and a method for providing a self-polishing effect of a coating composition are also disclosed.
1. An enzyme-based self-polishing coating composition comprising:
a binder phase in the form of a binder system; and
a pigment phase, wherein said pigment phase comprising comprises (i) a polysaccharide and (ii) an enzyme capable of facilitating hydrolysis of said polysaccharide, wherein said enzyme is immobilized on said polysaccharide, and wherein said polysaccharide is starch, and said enzyme is selected from α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucoamylase.
2. The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein said starch constitutes 1-30% solids by volume of said coating composition.
3. The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein said starch constitutes 1-40% solids by volume of said coating composition.
4. The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein said the ratio between said enzyme and said polysaccharide is 0.05-200,000 milliunits enzyme(s) per g polysaccharide.
5. The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the binder phase constitutes 30-80% solids by volume of the coating composition and the pigment phase constitutes 20-70% solids by volume of the coating composition.
6. The coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein said coating composition further comprises 0.05-20% solids by volume of one or more antifouling agents.
7. A marine structure coated with one or several layers of a coating composition as defined in claim 1 .
8. A method for the preparation of an enzyme-based self-polishing coating composition as defined in claim 1 , said method comprising: the steps of
(a) providing an enzyme immobilized on a polysaccharide, wherein the enzyme is capable of facilitating hydrolysis of said polysaccharide, wherein said polysaccharide is starch, and said enzyme is selected from α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucoamylase, and
(b) bringing said enzyme immobilized on said polysaccharide in admixture with a binder system and one or more constituents selected from dyes, additives, solvents, pigments, fillers, fibres and anti-fouling agents so as to form said coating composition.
9. A method for providing a self-polishing effect of a coating composition, the method comprising the step of coating a marine structure with one or more layers of the coating composition according to claim 1 , thereby providing said self-polishing effect.