Steam generation apparatus and associated control system and methods for providing desired steam quality
The current disclosure relates to steam generation and supply apparati and associated control systems. Particularly, the current disclosure relates to such steam generation supply apparati and associated control systems that are used for enhanced oil recovery. Certain embodiments are provided including methods and associated control systems related to the startup as well as main steam pressure header control or maintenance of a desired steam quality for such steam generation systems during normal operation.
1. An apparatus for supplying at least one of water and steam to a desired destination at a desired steam quality comprising:
a feedwater system;
a steam generation system;
a delivery system that includes a main steam header pipe that runs from the steam generation system to the desired destination for supplying steam or water;
a plurality of instruments and devices that are in operative association with the feedwater system, steam generating system, or delivery system configured for sensing physical parameters of water or steam; and
a control system having an input device, output device and memory, said control system being in operative association or communication with said instruments and devices wherein said control system is configured for performing an operation of determining a feedwater enthalpyl;
wherein said control system is configured for determining an amount of heat needed to be put into feedwater to make at least one of water and steam have the desired steam quality by subtracting the feedwater enthalpy from an estimated desired steam quality enthalpy.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said control system comprises a programmable logic controller.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said control system is configured for looking up a value for the enthalpy of the feedwater in a table based on temperature.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus further comprises at least one flow measuring instrument in the feedwater system that is used to measure a feedwater flow rate.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said input device is a touchscreen.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said output device is a display screen.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus further includes a temperature sensing instrument found upstream from the steam generating system for measuring a temperature of incoming feedwater.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said control system is configured for setting the desired steam quality by inputting the desired steam quality into the control system using an input device.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said steam generating system comprises a burner, boiler and flue and wherein said delivery system includes a pressure sensing instrument that is located downstream from the steam generating system for measuring the pressure of the steam or water, an oxygen sensor that is in communication or operative association with the flue for measuring an oxygen content of a flue gas, and a thermocouple that is in communication or operative association with the boiler for measuring a stack temperature.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said memory includes an enthalpy table stored therein and said control system is configured for estimating an enthalpy of the steam or water having a desired quality by looking up enthalpy values of vapor and liquid portions of a current output of the steam generating system.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein said control system is configured for estimating an enthalpy of at least one of water and steam having a desired quality by calculating said estimated enthalpy by subtracting a current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the current output from a current enthalpy of the vapor portion of the current output and multiplying that difference by the desired steam quality in fraction form and then adding the current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the steam.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said feedwater enthalpy is estimated by measuring a feedwater temperature in Fahrenheit and subtracting 32 if it is within an acceptable range.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , which further comprises a steam quality measuring system that measures a quality of a sample of the steam or water.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said control system is configured for measuring an actual steam quality and entering a correction factor into the control system based on a difference of the actual steam quality versus the desired steam quality.
15. An apparatus for supplying at least one of water and steam to a desired destination at a desired steam quality comprising:
a feedwater system;
a steam generation system comprising a burner, a boiler and a flue;
a delivery system comprising:
a main steam header pipe that runs from the steam generation system to the desired destination for supplying steam or water,
a pressure sensing instrument that is located downstream from the steam generating system for measuring the pressure of the steam or water,
an oxygen sensor that is in communication or operative association with the flue for measuring an oxygen content of a flue gas, and
a thermocouple that is in communication or operative association with the boiler for measuring a stack temperature;
a plurality of instruments and devices that are in operative association with the feedwater system, steam generating system, or delivery system configured for sensing physical parameters of water or steam; and
a control system having an input device, output device and memory, the control system being in operative association or communication with the instruments and devices wherein the control system is configured for performing an operation of determining a feedwater enthalpy.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the control system comprises a programmable logic controller.
17. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the control system is configured for looking up a value for the feedwater enthalpy in a table based on temperature.
18. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one flow measuring instrument in the feedwater system that is used to measure a feedwater flow rate.
19. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the input device is a touchscreen.
20. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the output device is a display screen.
21. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the apparatus further includes a temperature sensing instrument found upstream from the steam generating system for measuring a temperature of the feedwater.
22. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the control system is further configured for setting the desired steam quality by inputting the desired steam quality into the control system using the input device.
23. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the memory includes an enthalpy table stored therein and the control system is further configured for estimating an enthalpy of the steam or water having a desired quality by looking up enthalpy values of the vapor and liquid portions of a current output of the steam generating system.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 , wherein the control system is further configured for estimating an enthalpy of at least one of water and steam having a desired quality by calculating the estimated enthalpy by subtracting a current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the steam and water from a current enthalpy of a steam portion of the steam and water and multiplying that difference by the desired steam quality in fraction form and then adding the current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the steam.
25. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the control system is further configured for determining an amount of heat needed to be put into the feedwater to make at least one of water and steam have the desired steam quality by subtracting the feedwater enthalpy from an estimated desired steam quality enthalpy.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 , wherein the feedwater enthalpy is estimated by measuring a feedwater temperature in Fahrenheit and subtracting 32 if it is within an acceptable range.
27. The apparatus of claim 15 , which further comprises a steam quality measuring system that measures a quality of a sample of the steam or water.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the control system is further configured for measuring an actual steam quality and entering a correction factor into the control system based on a difference of the actual steam quality versus the desired steam quality.
29. An apparatus for supplying at least one of water and steam to a desired destination at a desired steam quality comprising:
a feedwater system;
a steam generation system;
a delivery system comprising a main steam header pipe that runs from the steam generation system to the desired destination for supplying steam or water;
a plurality of instruments and devices that are in operative association with the feedwater system, steam generating system, or delivery system configured for sensing physical parameters of water or steam; and
a control system having an input device, output device and memory, the control system being in operative association or communication with the instruments and devices, the memory comprising an enthalpy table stored therein, the control system configured to perform an operation of determining a feedwater enthalpy by estimating an enthalpy of the steam or water having a desired quality by looking up enthalpy values of vapor and liquid portions of a current output of the steam generating system, and
calculating the estimated enthalpy by subtracting a current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the current output from a current enthalpy of the vapor portion of the current output and multiplying that difference by the desired steam quality in fraction form and then adding the current enthalpy of the liquid portion of the steam.
30. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the apparatus further includes a temperature sensing instrument found upstream from the steam generating system for measuring a temperature of the feedwater.
31. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the control system is further configured to set the desired steam quality by inputting the desired steam quality into the control system using an input device.