Mass spectrometry
A method of searching for potentially unknown metabolites of pharmaceutical compounds is disclosed. The accurate mass of a pharmaceutical compound will generally be known and can be rendered in the form of an integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component. Possible metabolites are searched for on the basis of having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is substantially very similar to the decimal mass or mass to charge ratio of the parent pharmaceutical compound.
1. A method of mass spectrometry, conducted with a mass spectrometer including a processing device, the method comprising:
determining with the mass spectrometer an accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a first substance or ion, wherein said accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio comprises a first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component; and
searching with the processing device for one or more second substances or ions having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component, wherein the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of said first substance or ion minus the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a second substance or ion has a value of ΔM Daltons or mass to charge ratio units, and wherein x 1 or x 2 varies as a function of ΔM in a symmetrical manner.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said step of searching for one or more second substances or ions comprises searching solely based on the decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component of said one or more second substances or ions and not based on the integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component of said one or more second substances or ions.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said step of searching for one or more second substances or ions comprises searching some or all second substances or ions which have an integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is different from said first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first substance or ion comprises or relates to a pharmaceutical compound, drug or active component.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said step of searching for one or more second substances or ions further comprises applying a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio window to mass spectral data or a mass spectrum.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein said decimal mass or mass to charge ratio window filters out, removes, attenuates or at least reduces a significance of second substances or ions having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which falls outside of said decimal mass or mass to charge ratio window.
7. A method of mass spectrometry, conducted with a mass spectrometer including a processing device, the method comprising:
determining with the mass spectrometer an accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a first substance or ion, wherein said accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio comprises a first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component; and
searching with the processing device for one or more second substances or ions having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component, wherein the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of said first substance or ion minus the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a second substance or ion has a value of ΔM Daltons or mass to charge ratio units, and wherein x 1 or x 2 varies as a function of ΔM in an asymmetrical manner.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein if M lower <ΔM or ΔM<M upper then x 1 or x 2 has a substantially constant value.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein if M lower >ΔM or ΔM>M upper then x 1 or x 2 has a substantially non-constant value as a function of ΔM.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein if M lower >ΔM or ΔM>M upper then x 1 or x 2 varies in a substantially linear manner as a function of ΔM.
11. A method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein if M lower >ΔM or ΔM>M upper then x 1 or x 2 varies in a substantially curved, stepped or non-linear manner as a function of ΔM.
12. A method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising selecting for further analysis one or more second substances or ions which have a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein said step of selecting for further analysis comprises fragmenting said one or more second substances or ions.
14. A method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein said step of selecting for further analysis comprises onwardly transmitting one or more second substances or ions which have a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component to a collision or fragmentation cell.
15. A method of mass spectrometry conducted with a mass spectrometer including a processing device, the method comprising:
determining with the mass spectrometer an accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a parent drug, wherein said accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio comprises a first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component; and
searching with the processing device for potential metabolites of said parent drug based on said metabolites having substantially similar decimal mass or mass to charge ratios to that of said parent drug.
16. A method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein said step of searching further comprises:
fragmenting ions relating to a potential metabolite of said parent drug so that a plurality of fragment ions are produced; and
mass analysing said fragment ions.
17. A mass spectrometer comprising:
a first device for determining an accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a first substance or ion, wherein said accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio comprises a first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component; and
a second device for searching for one or more second substances or ions having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component, wherein the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of said first substance or ion minus the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a second substance or ion has a value of ΔM Daltons or mass to charge ratio units, and wherein x 1 or x 2 varies as a function of ΔM in a symmetrical manner.
18. A mass spectrometer comprising:
a first device for determining an accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a first substance or ion, wherein said accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio comprises a first integer nominal mass or mass to charge ratio component and a first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component; and
a second device for searching for one or more second substances or ions having a decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component which is between 0 to x 1 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units greater than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component or between 0 to x 2 mDa or milli-mass to charge ratio units lesser than said first decimal mass or mass to charge ratio component, wherein the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of said first substance or ion minus the accurate or exact mass or mass to charge ratio of a second substance or ion has a value of ΔM Daltons or mass to charge ratio units, and wherein x 1 or x 2 varies as a function of ΔM in an asymmetrical manner.