Tomatoes that soften more slowly post-harvest due to non-transgenic alterations in an expansin gene
A series of independent human-induced non-transgenic mutations found in an expansin gene (LeExp1) of tomato; tomato plants having these mutations in their LeExp1 genes; and a method of creating and identifying similar and/or additional mutations in the LeExp1 gene by screening pooled and/or individual tomato plants. The tomato plants of the present invention exhibit fruit that soften more slowly post-harvest without having the inclusion of foreign nucleic acids in their genomes.
1. A method of producing a tomato plant comprising the steps of:
(a) screening DNA from at least one tomato plant for mutations in an LeExp1 gene;
(b) selecting for a tomato plant having a mutation in said LeExp1 gene, wherein said mutation is a nucleotide change selected from the group consisting of G220T, G274A, and G1001A and wherein said nucleotide change is identified through the comparison to SEQ ID NO: 6; and
(c) further selecting for a tomato plant having said mutation that, when homozygous for said mutation and grown in the field, is capable of producing fruit that is firmer than wild type fruit not having said mutation.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mutation is a human-induced, non-transgenic mutation.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nucleotide change comprises G220T.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nucleotide change comprises G274A.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said nucleotide change comprises G1001A.
6. A fruit, a seed, a pollen grain, a plant part or a progeny of a tomato plant identified by the method of claim 1 , wherein the fruit, the seed, the pollen grain, the plant part, or the progeny comprises said mutation.
7. A food or a food product incorporating the fruit of claim 6 .
8. A method of producing a tomato plant comprising the steps of:
(a) screening DNA from at least one tomato plant for mutations in an LeExp1 gene;
(b) selecting for a tomato plant having a mutation in said gene, wherein said mutation creates an amino acid change in the protein expressed from said gene, wherein said amino acid change is selected from G65*, G83R, and W211* and wherein said amino acid change is identified according to SEQ ID NO: 11; and
(c) further selecting for a tomato plant having said mutation that, when homozygous for said mutation and grown in the field, is capable of producing fruit that is firmer than wild type fruit not having said mutation.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said mutation is a human-induced, non-transgenic mutation.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein said amino acid change comprises G65*.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein said amino acid change comprises G83R.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein said amino acid change comprises W211*.
13. A fruit, a seed, a pollen gain, a plant part or a progeny of a tomato plant identified by the method of claim 8 , wherein the fruit, the seed, the pollen grain, the plant part, or the progeny comprises said mutation.
14. A food or a food product incorporating the fruit of claim 13 .