Functionalized polymers containing polyamine succinimide for antifouling in hydrocarbon refining processes
A multipurpose chemical additives (MPC) is disclosed to mitigate fouling in hydrocarbon refinery processes, such as in a heat exchanger. A method for reducing fouling of a hydrocarbon is also disclosed that includes (i) providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and (ii) adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon.
1. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and
adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive;
R 1 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group;
R 2 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 3 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group:,
R 31 is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9 is
wherein R 91 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8 and R 9 together are a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places y a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group:, and
R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31 in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7 is
wherein R 71 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group,
wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31 and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and
wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 comprises polyethylene.
2. A method for the reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and
adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive;
R 1 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group;
R 2 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 3 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 31 is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9 is
wherein R 91 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8 and R 9 together are a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and
R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31 in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7 is
wherein R 71 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group,
wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31 and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and
wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 comprises poly(ethytene-co-propylene).
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 comprises from about 1 mole % to about 90 mole % of ethylene units and from about 99 mole % to about 10 mole % propylene units.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 comprises from about 10 mole % to about 50 mole % of ethylene units.
5. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and
adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive;
R 1 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group;
R 2 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 3 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 31 is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9 is
wherein R 91 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8 and R 9 together are a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and
R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31 in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7 is
wherein R 71 is a branched or straight-ehained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group,
wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31 and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and
wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 comprises poly(propylene-co-higher alpha-olefin), the higher alpha-olefin including two or more carbon atoms on each side chain.
6. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 5 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91 has a number-averaged molecular weight of from about 300 to about 30000 g/mol.
7. The method of claim 1 , or 2 , or 5 , wherein the nitrogen content in the compound is about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total weight of the compound.
8. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and
adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive;
R 1 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group;
R 2 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 3 is a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group;
R 31 is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8 is C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9 is
wherein R 91 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group or R 8 and R 9 together are a C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and
R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31 in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6 C 1 -C 4 branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7 is
wherein R 71 is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800 alkyl or alkenyl group,
wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′,R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31 and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively,
wherein R 3 is —CH 2 —CH 2 —, and R 31 is hydrogen; and
wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is interrupted in one or more places by a 1,4-diethylenediamine.