Buoy based marine seismic survey system and method

1. A seismic survey system for recording seismic data underwater in the presence of underwater currents, the system comprising:

first plural buoys configured to descend in water at a predetermined depth (H 1 ) and each having a seismic receiver for recording the seismic data;

a first vessel configured to launch the first plural buoys along a first line, wherein the first line is selected to be substantially perpendicular to a trajectory of the underwater currents; and

a second vessel configured to recover the first plural buoys at a second line, wherein the second line is selected to be substantially perpendicular to the trajectory of the underwater currents and to be at a predetermined distance from the first line;

wherein the first plural buoys are configured to travel underwater, at substantially the first predetermined depth (H 1 ), from the first line to the second line, due exclusively to the underwater currents and the trajectory of the underwater currents is determined based on historic data.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first vessel is configured to launch second plural buoys along the first line, later in time than the first plural buoys.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first vessel is configured to launch waves of buoys to cover a desired area for collecting the seismic data.

4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second vessel is configured to move back and forth along the second line to recover the second plural buoys.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined distance is larger than 10 km.

6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a computer system configured to calculate the trajectory of the underwater currents prior to launching the first plural buoys and to determine a position of the second line.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the computer system is configured to receive current positions of the first plural buoys, and to calculate new trajectories of the underwater currents based on the current positions of the first plural buoys.

8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

second plural buoys configured to descend at a second predetermined depth in water.

9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

second plural buoys configured to descend in water to form a variable-depth profile.

10. A method for recording seismic data underwater in the presence of underwater currents, the method comprising:

determining trajectories of the underwater currents based on historic data;

selecting a starting line substantially perpendicular to a trajectory of the underwater currents;

launching, along the starting line, first plural buoys from a first vessel, the first plural buoys being configured to descend in water and each having a seismic receiver for recording the seismic data;

selecting a finish line substantially perpendicular to the trajectory of the underwater currents; and

recovering, along the finish line, the first plural buoys with a second vessel, wherein there is a predetermined distance between the start and finish lines,

wherein the first plural buoys are configured to travel underwater, at substantially a first predetermined depth (H 1 ), from the start line to the finish line, due exclusively to the underwater currents.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

launching from the first vessel second plural buoys along the start line, later in time than the first plural buoys.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

launching waves of buoys from the first vessel to cover a desired area for collecting the seismic data.

13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:

moving the second vessel back and forth along the finish line to recover the second plural buoys.

14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the predetermined distance is larger than 10 km.

15. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

calculating with a computer system the trajectory of the underwater currents prior to launching the first plural buoys; and

calculating a position of the finish line.

16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

receiving current positions of the first plural buoys; and

calculating new trajectories for the underwater currents based on the current positions of the first plural buoys.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

determining the current positions of the first plural buoys based on an acoustic system installed at the first and/or second vessels.

18. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

launching second plural buoys that descend at a second predetermined depth in water.

19. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

launching second plural buoys to descend in water to form a variable-depth profile.

20. A seismic survey system for recording seismic data underwater in the presence of underwater currents, the system comprising:

first plural buoys configured to descend in water at a predetermined depth (H 1 ) and each having a seismic receiver for recording the seismic data;

a first vessel configured to launch the first plural buoys along a first line;

a second vessel configured to recover the first plural buoys at a second line, wherein there is a predetermined distance between the first and second lines; and

a computer system configured to calculate trajectories of the underwater currents prior to launching the first plural buoys and to determine a position of the second line, wherein the computer system calculates the trajectories of the underwater currents based on historic data,

wherein the first plural buoys are configured to travel underwater, at substantially the first predetermined depth (H 1 ), from the first line to the second line, due exclusively to the underwater currents, and

wherein the computer system is configured to receive current positions of the first plural buoys, and to calculate new trajectories of the underwater currents based on the current positions of the first plural buoys.