Electrolytic cell for heating electrolyte by a glow plasma field in the electrolyte
An apparatus and method for generating a Contact Glow Plasma Discharge in an electrolyte such as 7% K 2 CO 3 . A Shrouded Toroidal Anode is partially submerged in the electrolyte directly above a Flat Torus Cathode (totally submerged in the electrolyte), spaced approximately 50 mm apart, and the two electrodes are arranged in a concentric manner. A potential difference is applied from the cathode to the anode causing gas to be formed on the cathode. This is followed by a contact glow plasma being formed on the surface of the cathode and electromagnetically confined by a Spheromark formed by the configuration of the electrodes. This confinement of the plasma prevents a plasma arc from consuming the anode, which in turn allows for the application of 12,000 Watts and the occurrence of “non-linear electron resonance heating”. The effects of nonlinear series resonance increase the total power dissipation by factors of 2-5 for low pressure capacitive plasmas. Thus explaining the 303% efficiency obtained with this apparatus.
1. An electrolytic cell for the generation of a plasma field on an active surface of a plasma electrode in an electrolyte, the electrolytic cell comprising:
a vessel containing a liquid electrolyte, a first cylindrical body immersed in the electrolyte, a plasma electrode (cathode) immersed in the electrolyte, a second coil electrode, which is shrouded with dielectric material (anode) immersed in the electrolyte spaced from the plasma electrode, a power supply, and a circuit extending from the plasma electrode and the second electrode to the power supply and electrically connecting the plasma electrode, the second electrode, and the power supply;
the anode electrode being a toroidal body comprising an inner wall defining an opening extending through the body and comprising a first end, the first end is spatially concentric and perpendicular to the second electrode, at least a portion of the inner wall being disposed in contact with the electrolyte;
the anode electrode being shrouded with an electrical insulator comprising an inner wall defining an opening through a first tubular body, at least a portion of the inner wall of the first tubular body being disposed in contact with the electrolyte;
the plasma electrode being totally submerged in the electrolyte;
the said at least a portion of the inner wall of the first tubular body being adjacent to the said at least a portion of the inner wall of the anode electrode wherein the said wall portions cooperatively define a flow path extending there through that is surrounded by said wall portions.
2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the Toroidal Anode as the key element of a plasma confinement system including means for generating a Spheromark.
3. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein a Spheromark is generated, which electromagnetically confines the plasma, and prevents the migration of an electrical arc reaching the anode resulting in system failure, due to erosion of the anode.
4. The electrolytic cell of claim 3 further comprises anode means and cathode means comprising concentric annular members 76 mm in diameter and 50 mm apart, with the anode having a 10 mm dielectric shroud around the copper coil top and bottom.
5. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the plasma is formed by applying an electrical charge through the electrolyte by means of applying a potential difference across electrodes.
6. The electrolytic cell of claim 5 wherein a power supply for creating the potential difference is DC.
7. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein gas is internally generated at the cathode to initiate and support the plasma state under sufficient electrical load, there are no provisions to provide for the addition of external gas to form plasma.
8. The electrolytic cell of claim 5 wherein approximately 12,000 W is applied to the system to initiate a plasma state.
9. A method for the generation of a plasma field in the electrolytic cell according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte can be selected from potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) or other suitable electrolyte such as Piperazine (C 4 H 10 N 2 ).
10. The method for the generation of a plasma field according to claim 9 , wherein the generation of plasma is, carried out under atmospheric pressure.
11. The method for the generation of a plasma field according to claim 9 , wherein the generation of plasma is carried out at room temperature.
12. The method for the generation of a plasma field according to claim 9 , wherein a plasma glow discharge is generated at the cathode in the absence of a plasma arc.
13. The method for the generation of a plasma field according to claim 12 , wherein, the plasma generated by the glow plasma discharge is classified as non-thermal plasma.