Method and apparatus for forming clad metal products
The present invention concerns methods and apparatus for forming a clad product, such as a clad pipe or tube. Particular embodiments include a method for metallurgically bonding cladding material onto a metal substrate, the method including a step of providing a metal substrate comprising a pipe or a tube having a cladding composition arranged along an interior surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate, the interior surface arranged within an interior cavity of the substrate. A further step includes inserting a heat source into an interior cavity of the substrate, the heat source comprising an infrared, microwave, or radio frequency heat source, the heat source being mounted on a heat source-retaining housing, the housing comprising a cantilevered structure. An additional step includes applying heat discharged from the heat source to the coated substrate along the coated interior surface until the cladding composition metallurgically bonds to the substrate.
1. A method for metallurgically bonding cladding material onto a metal substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a metal substrate comprising a pipe or a tube having a cladding composition arranged along an interior surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate, the interior surface arranged within an interior cavity of the substrate;
inserting a heat source into an interior cavity of the substrate, the heat source being mounted on a heat source-retaining housing;
applying heat discharged from the heat source to the coated substrate along the coated interior surface until the cladding composition metallurgically bonds to the interior surface of the substrate; and
translating the coated substrate in an axial direction of the substrate after bonding a portion of the cladding composition to the interior surface of the substrate and further heating the coated substrate to bond another portion of the cladding composition to the interior surface of the substrate at another longitudinal location along a length of the substrate,
wherein the step of inserting a heat source into the substrate comprises translating the substrate with a translation device,
wherein the translation device rotates the coated substrate during the step of applying heat, and
wherein the translation device is a trolley arranged to translate along a track.
2. The method of claim 1 , where the heat source-retaining housing is a cantilevered structure extending from a base such that the heat source is effectively cantilevered from the base.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of:
controlling the atmosphere surrounding the heat source and a heat-affected area along the interior of the substrate.
4. The method of claim 3 , where the step of controlling includes forming at least a partial barrier across a transverse width of the substrate interior cavity on each side of the heat source, where a flow of gas is injected into the substrate internal cavity between the partial barriers.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat source is configured to provide a heat flux of 350 to 5700 W/cm 2 .
6. The method of claim 5 , where the heat source is a heat lamp.
7. The method of claim 6 , where the heat lamp is a plasma arc lamp.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of:
directing a flow of gas across a heat discharging portion of the heat source to provide a protective barrier of flowing gas between the heat source and the substrate.