Hydroxy- and dicarboxylic-fat synthsis by microbes
Systems, methods and microbes that allow the biological production of hydroxy fatty acids and dicarboxylic fatty acids are provided. Specifically, hydroxy fatty acids and dicarboxylic fatty acids are produced by microbes that have been engineered to overexpress acyl ACP thioesterase plus an alkane degration pathway, such as AlkBGT or AlkJH These can be in separate microbes or the same microbe, and separate microbes can be co-cultured or sequentially cultured. Continuously fed systems transferring secreted fats from one microbial culture to another can also be used.
1. An engineered microbe comprising an overexpressed acyl-ACP thioesterase (TE) and an overexpressed alkane hydroxylase pathway that can oxidize free fatty acid to hydroxy fatty acids or dicarboxylic fatty acids, wherein said microbe makes at least 0.1 g/L hydroxy fatty acids or dicarboxylic fatty acids.
2. The microbe of claim 1 , further comprising a reduced activity of a protein in the TCA cycle.
3. The microbe of claim 1 , further comprising a reduced activity of a protein in glycolysis.
4. The microbe of claim 1 , said microbe comprising TE + and AlkBGT + wherein said microbe makes at least 0.1 g/L hydroxy fatty acids.
5. The microbe of claim 1 , said microbe comprising TE + and AlkBGT + and AlkJH + , wherein said microbe makes at least 0.1 g/L dicarboxylic fatty acids.
6. The microbe of claim 1 , said microbe being E. coli comprising TE + , AlkBGT + , and AlkJH + , wherein said microbe makes at least 0.1 g/L dicarboxylic fatty acids or hydroxy fatty acids or both.
7. The microbe of claim 1 , further including one or more of ΔsucC, ΔptsG, Δglk, ΔfabR, ΔackA, Δpta, ΔackA-pta, ΔpoxB, 3-hydroxy-acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase + , 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase + , hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase + , enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase + , transhydrogenase + , UdhA + PntAB + , and/or NAD kinase + .
8. The microbe of claim 1 , wherein said TE is from Cuphea.
9. An engineered E. coli comprising i) TE + , and ii) AlkBGT + and AlkJH + , or AlkBGTJH + .
10. The engineered E. coli of claim 9 , further comprising one or more of ΔsucC, ΔptsG, Δglk, ΔfabR, ΔackA, Δpta, ΔackA-pta, ΔpoxB, 3-hydroxy-acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase + , transhydrogenase + , UdhA + PntAB + , and/or NAD kinase + .
11. A method of making hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, comprising growing the microbe of claim 1 in a nutrient broth, allowing said microbe to make hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, and isolating said hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids.
12. A method of making hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, comprising growing the microbe of claim 9 in a nutrient broth, allowing said microbe to make hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, and isolating said hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids.
13. A method of making hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, comprising growing the microbe of claim 10 in a nutrient broth, allowing said microbe to make hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, and isolating said hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids.
14. A method of making hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids, comprising:
a. growing a first microbe comprising TE in a nutrient broth;
b. allowing said first microbe to make and secrete fatty acids;
c. growing a second microbe comprising an overexpressed alkane hydroxylase pathway that can oxidize said fatty acid to hydroxy fatty acids or dicarboxylic fatty acids to uptake said secreted fatty acids and convert same to hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids; and
d. isolating said hydroxyl- or dicarboxylated fatty acids.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein said first microbe and said second microbe are co-cultured together.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein said first microbe and said second microbe are cultured separately, and further comprising collecting said secreted fatty acids and adding same to said second microbe.