Method for producing phenol from renewable resources by fermentation
The invention relates to a method of generating a recombinant host strain for producing phenol, comprising the steps of a) providing a host comprising chorismate, b) transforming the host with a first nucleic acid sequence comprising ubiC (SEQ ID NO: 1) encoding chorismate lyase that converts chorismate to 4-hydroxybenzoate, and c) transforming the host with a second nucleic acid sequence encoding an oxygen-tolerant 4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase that converts 4-hydroxybenzoate to phenol, thereby generating a recombinant host that is capable of producing phenol under aerobic conditions, wherein step b) and step c) are carried out simultaneously or sequentially. The invention also provides the recombinant host strain for producing phenol obtainable by the aforementioned method, as well as a method of producing phenol in the recombinant host strain.
1. A method of generating a recombinant host strain for producing phenol, comprising the steps of
a) providing a host comprising chorismate,
b) transforming said host with a first nucleic acid sequence comprising ubiC (SEQ ID NO: 1) encoding chorismate lyase, and
c) transforming said host with a second nucleic acid sequence encoding an oxygen-tolerant 4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase, thereby generating a recombinant host that is capable of producing phenol under aerobic conditions,
wherein step b) and step c) are carried out simultaneously or sequentially.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said second nucleic acid sequence comprises hbdBCD (SEQ ID NO:2).
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the host of step a) is overproducing chorismate, wherein said host optionally comprises one or more genetic modifications to overproduce chorismate.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said genetic modification comprises a deletion of one or more of tyrR, pheA and tyrA.
5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said genetic modification comprises a transformation with one or more of aroG (SEQ ID NO: 9), aroG fbr (SEQ ID NO: 10), aroB (SEQ ID NO: 11) and aroL (SEQ ID NO: 12).
6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein said genetic modification comprises a deletion of one or more of tyrR, pheA and tyrA; and further comprises
a transformation with one or more of aroG (SEQ ID NO: 9), aroG fbr (SEQ ID NO: 10), aroB (SEQ ID NO: 11) and aroL (SEQ ID NO: 12).
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said host is selected from the group consisting of bacteria, yeast and fungi.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said host is a phenol-resistant host.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transformation in steps b) and c) comprise plasmid transformation and/or chromosomal transformation.
10. A recombinant host strain obtainable by the method of claim 1 .
11. A recombinant host strain comprising chorismate and further comprising a first nucleic acid sequence comprising ubiC (SEQ ID NO: 1) and a second nucleic acid sequence encoding an oxygen-tolerant 4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase, wherein the recombinant strain is capable of producing phenol under aerobic conditions.
12. The recombinant host strain of claim 11 , wherein said second nucleic acid sequence comprises hbdBCD (SEQ ID NO: 2).
13. The recombinant host strain of claim 1 , wherein said host strain is overproducing chorismate, wherein said host strain optionally comprises one or more genetic modifications to overproduce chorismate.
14. The recombinant host strain of claim 13 , wherein said genetic modification comprises a transformation with one or more of aroG (SEQ ID NO: 9), aroG fbr (SEQ ID NO: 10), aroB (SEQ ID NO: 11) and aroL (SEQ ID NO:12).
15. The recombinant strain of claim 13 , wherein said genetic modification comprises a deletion of one or more of tyrR, pheA and tyrA; and further comprises
a transformation with one or more of aroG (SEQ ID NO: 9), aroG fbr (SEQ ID NO: 10), aroB (SEQ ID NO: 11) and aroL (SEQ ID NO: 12).
16. The recombinant strain of one or more of claim 13 , wherein said host is selected from the group consisting of bacteria, yeast and fungi.
17. The recombinant strain of claim 13 , wherein said host is a phenol-resistant host.
18. A method of producing phenol in a recombinant host comprising the steps of
a) providing a recombinant host strain according to claim 10 , and
b) incubating said recombinant host strain under fermentation conditions thereby producing phenol.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein phenol production is induced, and wherein the produced phenol optionally is harvested in a further step c) of harvesting the phenol from the recombinant host strain, and wherein optionally at least step b) is performed as a batch fermentation, as a fed-batch fermentation or as a continuous fermentation.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein said fermentation conditions comprise aerobic conditions.
21. The method of claim 18 , wherein said fermentation conditions comprise the presence of a raw sugar cane juice, wherein said raw sugar cane juice optionally comprises a high concentration of 1-kestose.
22. A method of producing phenol in a recombinant host comprising the steps of
a) providing a recombinant host strain according to claim 11 , and
b) incubating said recombinant host strain under fermentation conditions thereby producing phenol.