Methods and materials for treating cancer
This document provides methods and materials for treating cancer. For example, methods and materials for identifying antigens and combinations of antigens that can be used to treat cancer as well as combinations of antigens having the ability to reduce established tumors within a mammal (e.g., a human) are provided.
1. A method for identifying, from a second nucleic acid library, a nucleic acid encoding an antigen having the ability, in combination with at least two other antigens, to stimulate an anti-cancer response, wherein said second nucleic acid library is a library of virally-expressed nucleic acid members and has the ability to stimulate an anti-cancer response when administered to a mammal having cancer, wherein said method comprises:
(a) contacting immune cells with an aliquot of said second nucleic acid library to form a collection of virally infected cells, wherein said immune cells were obtained from a mammal that exhibited a reduction in the number of cancer cells following administration of a first nucleic acid library,
(b) obtaining a cell from said collection of virally infected cells that secretes an IL-17 polypeptide, wherein said cell contains a nucleic acid member of said second nucleic acid library, and
(c) determining the sequence of said nucleic acid member of said cell, wherein said nucleic acid member is said nucleic acid encoding an antigen having the ability, in combination with at least two other antigens, to stimulate an anti-cancer response.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second nucleic acid library is a cDNA library.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second nucleic acid library is a VSV-expressed cDNA library.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first nucleic acid library is a cDNA library.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first nucleic acid library is a VSV-expressed cDNA library or an expressed cDNA library via another virus, animal cell, bacterial cell, or fungus.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second nucleic acid library and said first nucleic acid library are the same library.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said immune cells are lymph node cells and splenocytes.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said contacting step (a) comprises contacting said immune cells with said aliquot in the presence of an hsp70 polypeptide.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said hsp70 polypeptide is a human hsp70 polypeptide.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said aliquot comprises a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of less than 10.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mammal is a rodent or primate.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mammal is a mouse.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mammal is a human.