Subsurface imaging radar
A method and system for obtaining SAR images with reduced or eliminated surface clutter to detect subsurface targets, the method comprising the following steps: —selecting a first frequency and an incidence angle for the radar signal such that the ratio of surface backscattering to subsurface target backscattering is significantly larger for vertical polarization than for horizontal—obtaining vertically and horizontally polarized SAR images based on the same SAR path exploiting the selected first frequency and viewing angle—weighting and differencing the vertically and horizontally polarized SAR images so that the surface backscattering completely cancels between the two images and only the combination of the target backscattering components remains.
1. A SAR system ( 600 ) for providing SAR images having removed surface clutter to improve detection of subsurface targets, said system comprising:
a first transmitter ( 615 ), a first antenna ( 605 ), a first duplexer ( 610 ), and a first receiver ( 620 ), the first transmitter, antenna, duplexer and receiver collectively being configured for obtaining a horizontally polarised SAR image;
a second transmitter ( 635 ), a second antenna ( 625 ), a second duplexer ( 630 ), and a second receiver ( 640 ), the second transmitter, antenna, duplexer and receiver collectively being configured for obtaining a vertically polarized radar image;
an incidence angle unit ( 650 ) for providing incidence angle data;
analytical coefficient calculator ( 655 ), which is configured to receive said incidence angle data and to calculate coefficients: CH,g , CV,g , CH,t , CV, t to be used in the calculations of a linear combiner ( 665 );
a linear combiner control unit ( 660 ) for controlling the linear combiner ( 665 ) to linearly combine the images from the first receiver ( 620 ) and the second receiver ( 640 ) to form a ground clutter suppressed SAR image (ΔF(x,y)) by forming the difference between the horizontal polarization SAR image and the product of the vertical polarization SAR image and one of γ min and CH,g / CV,g, as selected by an operator and conveyed by the linear combiner control unit ( 660 );
a gamma-min (γ min ) finder unit ( 670 ), for finding and providing to the linear combiner a γ min of an energy function; and
a selection unit ( 675 ) for selecting a homogenous test area T as input to the gamma-min finding unit ( 670 ).
2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a target detector ( 680 ) and a display unit ( 685 ) for detecting and visualizing detected targets to an operator.
3. The system according to claim 2 , further comprising a ping-pong control unit connected to the transmitters ( 615 , 635 ) to make the transmitters ( 615 , 635 ) send in ping-pong mode.