Organics and nutrient recovery from anaerobic digester residues
Sludge from an anaerobic digester is treated to recover one or more of fibers, or solids or liquids with a high nutrient content. The solids or liquids can be used as a fertilizer. The fibers can be used in a plant growing medium. Solids are separated from liquids in the sludge and dried. The solids may be dried to produce a flake or pellet. Ammonia in the liquids is recovered and used to produce a concentrated acidic ammonium salt solution. This solution may be mixed with the solids to produce a nitrogen enhanced solid. The fibers and solids or liquids can also be used in combination to produce an enhanced plant growing medium. A device and process for removing ammonia from a liquid can be used in the system or separately.
1. A process for removing ammonia from a liquid, the liquid comprising a liquid fraction of digestate, the process comprising steps of,
a) flowing the liquid through a series of sequential stages, wherein the liquid in each of the stages has a depth of about 0.6 meters or more;
b) introducing bubbles of air into the liquid in each of the stages; and,
c) extracting one or more gasses in communication with the surface of the liquid in each of the stages, the one or more extracted gasses comprising ammonia,
wherein the liquid is heated to or maintained at a temperature of 50 degrees C. or more in each of the stages.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein step c) comprises flowing air across the surface of the liquid in each of the stages or applying suction to the surface of the liquid in each of the stages.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the stages are provided in a set of jacketed reactors connected in series.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the liquid flows downwards through each of the stages.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein the bubbles rise upwards through the liquid in each of the stages.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the process is conducted without adding chemicals to increase the pH of the liquid.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein there are three or more sequential stages in the series.
8. The process of claim 1 further comprising flowing the liquid through a subsequent stage without introducing bubbles into the liquid in the subsequent stage.
9. A process for removing ammonia from a liquid fraction of digestate comprising steps of,
a) providing bubbles in the liquid fraction of digestate in a tank by blowing a gas into the liquid fraction of digestate;
b) separating the bubbles from the liquid fraction of digestate;
c) providing a flow of gas in addition to the gas in the bubbles over the surface of the liquid in the tank; and,
d) collecting gas comprising ammonia released from the separated bubbles and the surface of the liquid in the tank,
wherein the gas is blown into the liquid fraction of digestate in step a) at 15 to 45% of the rate at which gas is collected in step d).
10. The process of claim 9 performed in multiple stages.
11. The process of claim 9 further comprising a step of separating ammonia gas from water vapour.
12. A process for treating an organic waste comprising steps of,
a) anaerobic digestion of the organic waste to produce a digestate;
b) de-watering the digestate to produce a liquid fraction;
c) flowing the liquid fraction through a vessel, wherein the vessel is enclosed but not sealed and defines multiple horizontally spaced stages, and wherein the liquid fraction is heated to 50 degrees C. or more and flows by gravity through the stages in series;
d) blowing air into the liquid fraction in at least a plurality of the stages;
e) removing air enriched with carbon dioxide and ammonia gas released from the liquid fraction from a headspace above the surface of the liquid fraction in the vessel by suction while also admitting ambient air into the headspace of the vessel; and,
f) forming an aqueous ammonium solution with ammonia gas removed in step e.
13. The process of claim 12 further comprising adding an ammonium hydroxide or ammonium sulfate solution to solids separated from the digestate.
14. The process of claim 12 comprising re-using the liquid fraction in step a).
15. The process of claim 12 further comprising forming a mixture comprising aqueous ammonium solution and solids separated from the digestate and drying the mixture.
16. The process of claim 12 wherein air is blown into the vessel in step (d) at 15-45% of the rate at which air is removed from the vessel in step e).
17. The process of claim 12 wherein the liquid fraction in the vessel has a depth of at least about 0.6 meters.