Membrane system to treat leachate and methods of treating leachate
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for systems for removing contaminants from a leachate, methods of removing contaminants from a leachate, and the like.
1. A membrane system, comprising:
a first stage including two or more reverse osmosis membranes in fluidic communication and connected in series, wherein the system is configured to introduce a leachate to the first stage, wherein the first stage is configured to separate the leachate into a first stage concentrate and a first stage permeate;
a second stage including two or more reverse osmosis membranes in fluidic communication and connected in series, wherein the first stage and the second stage are in fluidic communication, wherein the system is configured to introduce the first stage permeate to the second stage, wherein the second stage is configured to separate the first stage permeate into a second stage concentrate and a second stage permeate, wherein the second stage is configured to operate at about 300 psi or less pressurized;
a filter in the first stage configured to prefilter the leachate prior to introduction of the leachate to the reverse osmosis membranes;
a one-micron filter in the second stage configured to prefilter the first stage permeate prior to introduction of the first stage permeate to the second stage membranes; and
a surge tank configured to receive second-stage permeate, wherein the surge tank is in fluid communication with the second stage and stores the second stage permeate until a specified volume is reached, wherein the system is configured to discharge the second stage permeate stored in the surge tank from the system.
2. A recursive concentrate reduction membrane system, comprising:
a first stage including two or more reverse osmosis membranes in fluidic communication and connected in series, wherein the system is configured to introduce a leachate to the first stage, wherein the first stage is configured to separate the leachate into a first stage concentrate and a first stage permeate;
a second stage including two or more reverse osmosis membranes in fluidic communication and connected in series, wherein the first stage and the second stage are in fluidic communication, wherein the system is configured to introduce the first stage permeate to the second stage, wherein the second stage is configured to separate the first stage permeate into a second stage concentrate and a second stage permeate, wherein the second stage is configured to operate at about 300 psi or less pressurized; and
a one-micron filter in the first stage configured to prefilter the leachate prior to introduction of the leachate to the reverse osmosis membranes;
a one-micron filter in the second stage configured to prefilter the first stage permeate prior to introduction of the first stage permeate to the second stage membranes; and
a surge tank configured to receive first-stage permeate, wherein the surge tank is in fluid communication with the second stage and stores the first stage permeate until a specified volume is reached, whereupon the content of the surge tank is introduced to the second stage.
3. The membrane system of claim 2 , wherein the first stage includes two or more membranes connected to one another in series.
4. The membrane system of claim 2 , wherein the system is configured so that the first stage permeate is the only permeate outflow from the system.
5. The membrane system of claim 2 , wherein the system is configured so that the second stage concentrate is introduced to a third stage, wherein the third stage is configured to separate the second stage concentrate into a third stage concentrate and a third stage permeate.
6. The membrane system of claim 5 , wherein the system is configured to introduce the blended streams of the second and third stage permeate to the leachate while a final stage concentrate is disposed of or recirculated.