Method of manufacturing coiled tubing using multi-pass friction stir welding
A method for manufacturing a long length of coiled metal tubing or the like using friction stir welding. Successive lengths of metal strip are friction stir welded using a three-pass welding technique to eliminate any edge defects in the resulting strip. The method includes one or more three-pass friction stir welding routines, each of which includes a first pass performed using a tool having a first rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the first rotational direction; a second pass using a tool having a second rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the second rotational direction; and a third pass using a tool having said second rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the second rotational direction.
1. A method of manufacturing coiled tubing, said method comprising:
a. aligning end portions of two sheets of metallic parent stock so that a flush seam is established therebetween, said seam comprising a portion of each of the two sheets of parent stock;
b. attaching a run-on tab to a first side edge surface of each of the two sheets of aligned parent stock, thereby forming a first tab interface;
c. attaching a run-off tab to a second side edge surface of each of the two sheets of aligned parent stock, thereby forming a second tab interface;
d. making a first friction stir welding pass, traversing said first tab interface, said seam, and said second tab interface, using a tool rotating in a first rotational direction and moving in a first longitudinal direction, thereby causing said seam to temporarily plastically deform, wherein a first edge defect is formed on an advancing side of the first friction stir welding pass within one of the sheets of metallic parent stock adjacent to the first tab interface, and wherein a second edge defect is formed on an opposite retreating side of the first friction stir welding pass within the other one of the sheets of metallic parent stock adjacent to the second tab interface;
e. making a second friction stir welding pass offset from the advancing side of the first friction stir welding pass but within weld metal created during the first friction stir welding pass, traversing only said first tab interface using a tool rotating in a second, opposite rotational direction and moving in a second, opposite longitudinal direction, while said seam remains plastically deformed, thereby removing the first edge defect;
f. making a third friction stir welding pass offset from the opposite retreating side of the first friction stir welding pass but within weld metal created during the first friction stir welding pass, traversing only said second tab interface using a tool rotating in said second, opposite rotational direction and moving in the first longitudinal direction, while said seam remains plastically deformed, thereby removing the second edge defect; and
g. allowing said seam to cool in such a manner that the two portions of parent stock metal are thereafter seamlessly joined.
2. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein the first rotational direction is a counterclockwise rotation.
3. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein the second, opposite rotational direction is a clockwise rotation.
4. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein the tool moves toward the run-off tab in first longitudinal direction, and wherein the tool moves toward the run-on tab in the second, opposite longitudinal direction.
5. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , further comprising repeating steps a.-g. using at least one of the other end portions of at least one of the two sheets of metallic parent stock.
6. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein said run-on tab and said run off tab are removed after said seam has cooled, and wherein said first side edges and said second side edges are thereafter machine finished.
7. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein the second friction stir welding pass is offset from the advancing side of the first friction stir welding pass by about 0.25 inches.
8. The method of manufacturing coiled tubing of claim 1 , wherein the third friction stir welding pass is offset from the retreating side of the first friction stir welding pass by about 0.30 inches.