Microreactor for a transmission electron microscope and heating element and method of manufacture thereof
A microreactor for use in a microscope, comprising a first and second cove layer ( 13 ), which cover layers are both at least partly transparent to an electron beam ( 14 ) of an electron microscope, and extend next to each other at a mutual distance from each other and between which a chamber ( 15 ) is enclosed, wherein an inlet ( 4 ) and an outlet ( 5 ) are provided for feeding fluid through the chamber and wherein heating means ( 8 ) are provided for heating the chamber and/or elements present therein.
1. A microreactor for use in a microscope, the microreactor comprising:
a sandwich structure comprising:
a first chip comprising a central first layer of semiconductor material, the first layer being provided with a central recess;
a spacer; and
a second chip comprising a second layer of semiconductor material, the second layer being provided with a central recess, wherein the first chip, the spacer and the second chip are assembled together forming the sandwich structure such the spacer is sandwiched between the first and second chips and such that the central recess of the first chip and the central recess of the second chip are opposite each other, and wherein the first chip comprises a first cover layer extending into the central recess of the first layer, at a side facing the second chip in the sandwich structure, and wherein the second chip comprises a second cover layer extending into the central recess of the second layer, at a side facing the first chip in the sandwich structure, wherein the first cover layer and the second cover layer extend next to each other at a mutual distance from each other;
a chamber enclosed between the first cover layer, the second cover layer and the spacer, the chamber having an inlet and an outlet for feeding fluid through the chamber;
a first window in the first cover layer that is transparent to an electron beam of an electron microscope;
a second window in the second cover layer that is transparent to an electron beam of an electron microscope, the second window being located opposite the first window in the first cover layer; and
a heating element in at least one of the first cover layer and the second cover layer located centrally with respect to the corresponding central recess.
2. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein said chamber has an exposed surface, measured approximately parallel to said first and second windows, which is less than 20 mm 2 .
3. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein said first and second cover layers are gastight and liquid-tight.
4. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second windows are formed as recesses in the first and second cover layers respectively.
5. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein the heating element comprises a heater coil.
6. The microreactor according to claim 5 , wherein the heating element is provided such that it operatively ensures an even heat distribution in the chamber.
7. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein the heating element comprises more than one spaced apart heating parts.
8. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second cover layers is part of a first and second body, which first and second bodies are mutually connected for formation of the microreactor.
9. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first chip and the second chip comprises a central first layer.
10. The microreactor according to claim 9 , wherein at least one of the first chip and the second chip comprises an uninterrupted intermediate layer facing one of the first cover layer and the second cover layer and forming a single or a multiple number of windows.
11. The microreactor according to claim 10 , wherein the first window is formed by a recess in the first cover layer and wherein the second window is formed by a recess in the second cover layer.
12. The microreactor according to claim 1 , wherein the first cover layer comprises two layers and wherein the heating element is provided between said two layers of the first cover layer.