Compositions and kits for enzymatic debridement and methods of using the same
A debridement enzyme for necrotic tissue is described that is not dependent upon proteolytic enzymatic activity but instead utilizes the amylase family of enzymes. The amylases (α-, β-, γ-amylase) are noted for the cleavage of the α-glycosidic bonds of polysaccharides, yielding lower molecular weight carbohydrate/sugar fragments. It has now been found that α-amylase is effective in the debridement of devitalized tissue.
1. A tissue debridement composition comprising:
0.1 to 99.5 wt % of an amylase component and optionally a proteolytic enzyme component, wherein a ratio of the amylase component to the proteolytic enzyme component is at least 10:1 by weight; and
at least one pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable carrier or excipient in an amount of up to 99.9 wt %, wherein the percentages are based on a total weight of the debridement composition,
wherein said amylase component comprises at least 80% by weight of α-amylase from a source selected from a group consisting of porcine pancreas and Bacillus subtilis , and wherein the debridement composition is able to debride devitalized or necrotic tissue.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said amylase component comprises up to 20% by weight of an amylase selected from a group consisting of β-amylase, γ-amylase, and combinations thereof.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising up to 20% by weight of hydrolytic enzymes selected from a group consisting of proteases, chondroitinases, hyaluronidases, lipases, glycosidases, heparanases, dermatanases, pullulanases, N-acetylglucosaminidase, lactases, phospholipases, transglycosylases, esterases, thioester hydrolyases, sulfatases, escharases, nucleases, phosphatases, phosphodiesterases, mannanases, mannosidases, isoamylases, lyases, inulinases, keratinases, tannases, pentosanases, glucanases, arabinosidases, pectinases, cellulases, chitinases, xylanases, cutinases, pectate lyases, hemicellulases, and combinations thereof, wherein the percentage is based on the total weight of the amylase component and the hydrolytic enzymes.
4. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising up to 20% by weight of other enzymes selected from a group consisting of oxidases, peroxidases, glucose oxidases, catalases, oxidoreductases, phenoloxidases, laccases, lipoxygenases, isomerases, and ligninases, wherein the percentage is based on the total weight of the amylase component and the other enzymes.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one polymeric biguanide in an amount ranging from 0.01 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent based on the weight of the debridement composition.
6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein said polymeric biguanide comprises poly(hexamethylene biguanide) and its salts.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a water-soluble polymer at a concentration from 0.01 weight % to 50 weight % based on the weight of the debridement composition.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a chelating agent at a concentration from 0.01 weight % to 1 weight % based on a weight of the debridement composition.
9. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a monoalkyl glycol selected from a group consisting of 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol), 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol (caprylyl glycol), 1,2-nonanediol, 1,2-decanediol, 1,2-undecanediol, 1,2-dodecanediol, 1,2-tridecanediol, 1,2-tetradecanediol, 1,2-pentadecanediol, 1,2-hexadecanediol, 1,2-heptadecanediol, 1,2-octadecanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycol bis(hydroxyethyl) ether, and combinations thereof.
10. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a glycerol alkyl ether selected from a group consisting of 1-O-heptylglycerol, 1-O-octylglycerol, 1-O-nonylglycerol, 1-O-decylglycerol, 1-O-undecylglycerol, 1-O-dodecylglycerol, 1-O-tridecylglycerol, 1-O-tetradecylglycerol, 1-O-pentadecylglycerol, 1-O-hexadecylglycerol (chimyl alcohol), 1-O-heptadecylglycerol, 1-O-octadecylglycerol (batyl alcohol), 1-O-octadec-9-enyl glycerol (selachyl alcohol), glycerol 1-(2-ethylhexyl) ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycerin, glycerol 1-heptyl ether, glycerol 1-octyl ether, glycerol 1-decyl ether, and glycerol 1-dodecyl ether, glycerol 1-tridecyl ether, glycerol 1-tetradecyl ether, glycerol 1-pentadecyl ether, glycerol 1-hexadecyl ether, glycerol 1 -octadecyl ether, and combinations thereof.
11. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising
at least one polymeric biguanide in an amount ranging from 0.01 weight % to 1.0 weight % based on the weight of the debridement composition,
a vicinal diol component selected from a group consisting of a monoalkyl glycol and a monoalkyl glycerol at a concentration of 0.05 weight % to 4 weight %, based on a weight of the debridement composition.
12. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one analgesic agent, anesthetic agent, neuropathic pain agent, or a combination thereof.
13. The composition according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one analgesic agent, anesthetic agent, or neuropathic pain agent is selected from a group consisting of lidocaine, capsaicin, benzocaine, tetracaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, procaine, carbocaine, etidocaine, mepivacaine, nortripylene, amitriptyline, pregabalin, diclofenac, fentanyl, gabapentin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, salicylates, and combinations thereof.
14. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the debridement composition has a form selected from a group consisting of a powder, aqueous solution, organic liquid solution, silicone, gel, cream, film, latex, aerosol, slurry, paste, ointment and foam.
15. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said debridement composition is adsorbed on or in a dressing or a natural or synthetic fiber, mesh, hydrocolloid, alginate, hydrogel, semipermeable film, permeable film, or a natural or synthetic polymer.
16. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a buffering agent.
17. A kit comprising:
a tissue debridement composition according to claim 1 ; and
instructions for debridement of devitalized tissue.
18. The kit according to claim 17 , wherein said instructions comprise contacting the tissue debridement composition with an area of skin in need of debridement.
19. A method of debridement of devitalized tissue comprising contacting a tissue debridement composition according to claim 1 with an area of skin in need of debridement.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said contacting step is repeated at least once a day.
21. The method of claim 19 , further comprising removing debrided tissue from said area of skin.
22. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the amylase component is present in an amount ranging from 2 to 99.5 wt-% based on the total weight of the debridement composition.