Optical measuring methods and apparatus
In an optical measuring method, a first spectrum and a second spectrum are obtained from a pattern and a thin layer formed on the pattern by a deposition process using an ellipsometer respectively. A skew spectrum is obtained between the first spectrum and the second spectrum. A fourier transform operation is performed on the skew spectrum to calculate a thickness of the thin layer on the pattern.
1. An optical measuring method, comprising:
obtaining, via an ellipsometer, a first spectrum from a pattern and a second spectrum from a thin layer formed on the pattern by a deposition process;
obtaining a skew spectrum between the first spectrum and the second spectrum; and
performing a fourier transform operation on the skew spectrum to calculate a thickness of the thin layer on the pattern.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the first spectrum and the second spectrum comprises obtaining an amplitude ratio (tan(Ψ)) or phase difference (Δ) spectrum of a reflected light from the pattern and the thin layer on the pattern.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein performing a fourier transform operation to calculate the thickness of the thin layer comprises:
performing a fourier transform operation on the skew spectrum to obtain a fourier transform spectrum; and
determining the thickness of the thin layer based on a peak position of the fourier transform spectrum.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
obtaining a plurality of third spectrums by detecting a reflected light from thin layers respectively formed on a plurality of patterns, the thin layers having different thicknesses; and
obtaining a plurality of skew spectrums of the third spectrums with respect to the first spectrum.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:
performing a plurality of fourier transform operations on the plurality of the skew spectrums respectively to obtain reference data for the thicknesses of the thin layers.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thin layer has a thickness of about 10 nm or less.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
calculating a profile of the pattern from at least one of the first and second spectrums by using a modeling technique.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the pattern comprises a grating structure, and the profile of the pattern is at least one of a width, a height and a sidewall angle of the grating structure.
9. An optical measuring method, comprising:
obtaining a first spectrum from a pattern by detecting a reflected light from the pattern using an ellipsometer;
forming a thin layer on the pattern;
obtaining a second spectrum from the thin layer formed on the pattern using the ellipsometer;
obtaining a skew spectrum between the first spectrum and the second spectrum; and
performing a fourier transform operation on the skew spectrum to calculate a thickness of the thin layer on the pattern.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein obtaining the first spectrum and the second spectrum comprises obtaining an amplitude ratio (tan(Ψ)) or phase difference (Δ) spectrum of the reflected light from the pattern and the thin layer on the pattern.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein calculating the thickness of the thin layer comprises:
performing a fourier transform operation on the skew spectrum to obtain a fourier transform spectrum; and
comparing the fourier transform spectrum and a reference fourier transform spectrum to determine the thickness of the thin layer.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
obtaining a plurality of third spectrums by detecting a reflected light from thin layers formed on the pattern, the thin layers having different thicknesses;
obtaining a plurality of skew spectrums of the third spectrums with respect to the first spectrum; and
performing a plurality of fourier transform operations on the skew spectrums respectively to obtain the reference fourier transform spectrum.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the thickness of the thin layer is about 10 nm or less.
14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
calculating a profile of the pattern from at least one of the first and second spectrums by using a modeling technique.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the pattern comprises a grating structure, and the profile of the pattern is at least one of a width, a height and a sidewall angle of the grating structure.
16. An optical measuring apparatus, comprising:
a stage configured to support a wafer having a pattern and a thin layer disposed on the pattern;
a light source configured to irradiate the wafer;
an ellipsometer configured to detect a first spectrum relflected from the pattern and a second spectrum reflected from the thin layer;
a data processor connected to the elliposmeter, wherein the data processor comprises a skew spectrum calculator configured to obtain skew spectrums between the reflection spectrums generated by the ellipsometer;
a fourier transform operator configured to obtain fourier transform spectrums from the skew spectrums; and
a thickness calculator configured to calcualte a thickness of the thin layer.
17. The optical measuring apparatus of claim 16 , further comprising a polarizer that is configured to decompose light from the light source into s and p components that are incident on the wafer, and wherein the ellipsometer is configured to generate a reflection ratio spectrum of the s and p components.
18. The optical measuring apparatus of claim 16 , further comprising a data processor connected to the ellipsometer, wherein the data processor is configured to remove noise from the reflection spectrums generated by the ellipsometer.
19. The optical measuring apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the data processor is configured to utilize a rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) modeling technique to calculate a profile of a structure formed on the wafer using the reflection spectrums generated by the ellipsometer.