Sensing apparatus using a radio frequency signal, and manufacturing method thereof

1. A sensing apparatus configured to use a radio frequency signal to perform sensing, the apparatus comprising:

a protecting layer configured to protect a substrate from a migration of electrons occurring as the radio frequency signal is applied to a first electrode and a second electrode;

a channel forming layer comprising a polarized carbon-based nano material, disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the channel forming layer being configured to form a channel based on a field between the first electrode and the second electrode; and

a sensing layer disposed on the channel forming layer, comprising a medium material, the sensing layer being configured to sense, in a predetermined period of time, a concentration of glucose permanently bonded by an oxidant to a medium material,

a hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) layer disposed between the channel forming layer and the protecting layer, wherein a side surface of the h-Bn layer directly contacts a side surface of the first electrode, another side surface of the h-Bn layer directly contacts a side surface of the second electrode, and a top surface of the h-BN layer directly contacts the channel forming layer,

wherein the respective bottom surfaces of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the h-BN layer are disposed on top of, and directly contact, a surface of the protecting layer,

wherein the concentration of glucose is measured based on an S parameter value and an RLGC value obtained as a result of a high frequency electrical signal being applied to the first electrode and the second electrode.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the protecting layer is on the substrate and comprises a high-resistance silicon oxide based material.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the polarized carbon-based nano material is polarized along a direction of the field.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein, in response to the field being formed by applying direct current (DC) voltage or alternating current (AC) voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode, the channel forming layer is further configured to form the channel in the channel forming layer, based on a dielectric phoresis scheme.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the channel forming layer comprises a dipole moment that causes the polarized carbon-based nano material to migrate toward the field.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the polarized carbon-based nano material comprises a layer of graphene or carbon nano tube (CNT).

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the medium material comprises poly aminophenyl boronic acid.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 ,

wherein the h-BN layer is configured to decrease a dielectric loss of electrons within a range of the applied radio frequency signal.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 ,

wherein the sensing apparatus is configured to permanently bond glucose by an oxidant to a medium material, while measuring a concentration of glucose based on inductance values, at medium material concentrations of 1 mM to 5 mM;

wherein a first parameter, measured in units of dB, corresponds to an amount of electrons that are reflected and returned to an electrode, when electrons migrate through the channel between the electrode and an opposite electrode; and

wherein a second parameter, measured in units of dB, corresponds to an amount of electrons that migrate through the channel, thereby moving from the electrode to the opposite electrode.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a left-side surface of the h-Bn layer directly contacts a right-side surface of the first electrode, a right-side surface of the h-Bn layer directly contacts a left-side surface of the second electrode, and a bottom surface of the h-Bn layer is aligned with a bottom surface of the first electrode and a bottom surface of the second electrode.