Compounds and organic electroluminescent devices
The present invention concerns particular fluorenes, the use of the compound in an electronic device, and an electronic device containing at least one of these compounds. The present invention further concerns a method for producing the compound and a formulation and composition containing one or more of the compounds.
1. An electroluminescent device comprising at least one compound of the general formula (2)
where the following applies to the symbols and indices used:
p, q, r, s
are 0 or 1, where p+q+r+s=1;
Z a 0 , Z b 0 , Z c 0 , Z d 0
are, identically or differently on each occurrence, equal to R 4
Z a 1 , Z b 1 , Z c 1 , Z d 1 are equal to
B
is a single bond, a divalent aryl group having 6 to 30 ring atoms or a divalent heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , where, if B is a single bond, the nitrogen atom is bonded directly to the fluorene;
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are selected, identically or differently on each occurrence, from the following groups of the formulae (42) to (107), (119)-(121) and (123)-(142)
where the dashed line denotes the linking position to the nitrogen atom;
R 2 , R 4 , and R 5
are H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, C(═O )R 6 , CN, Si(R 6 ) 3 , NO 2 , N(R 6 ) 2 , P(═O )(R 6 ) 2 , S(═O )R 6 , S(═O ) 2 R 6 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 6 C═CR 6 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 6 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 6 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 6 —, P(═O)(R 6 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aryloxy group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aralkyl group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 ;
R 1
is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, C(═O)R 6 , CN, Si(R 6 ) 3 , NO 2 , N(R 6 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 6 ) 2 , S(═O)R 6 , S(═O) 2 R 6 , a straight-chain alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 6 C═CR 6 , —C≡C—, Si(R 6 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 6 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 6 —, P(═O)(R 6 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aryloxy group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aralkyl group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , where the radicals R 1 and R 2 cannot be identical and the radicals R 3 to R 5 may on each occurrence be identical or different, but is optionally identical to either R 1 or to R 2 ;
R 3 is H;
R 6
is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Br, I, C(═O)R 7 , CN, Si(R 7 ) 3 , NO 2 , P(═O)(R 7 ) 2 , S(═O)R 7 , S(═O) 2 R 7 , N(R 7 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 7 C═CR 7 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 7 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 7 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 7 —, P(═O)(R 7 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 7 , where two or more adjacent substituents R 6 may form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one another;
R 7
is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms is optionally replaced by D or F, where two or more adjacent substituents R 7 may form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one another, and
wherein the compound of formula (2) is a monoamine compound.
2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein p=1 or r=1.
3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the compound has the general formula (3)
where the symbols and indices indicated are defined as indicated in claim 1 .
4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the compound has the general formula (4)
where the symbols and indices indicated are defined as indicated in claim 1 .
5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the compound has the general formula (5)
where the symbols and indices indicated are defined as indicated in claim 1 .
6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the compound has the general formula (6)
where the symbols and indices indicated are defined as indicated in claim 1 .
7. The device according to claim 1 , wherein B is a single bond or a phenylene, biphenylene, terphenylene, naphthylene, pyridinylene, pyrimidinylene, pyrazin-ylene, pyridazinylene, triazinylene, dibenzofuranylene, dibenzothiophenylene fluorenylene, or carbazoylene group, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 .
8. The device according to claim 1 , wherein B is a single bond or a phenylene group, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 .
9. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the device is an organic light-emitting transistor (OLETs), an organic field-quench device (OFQDs), an organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (OLECs, LECs or LEECs), an organic laser diode (O-laser) and an organic light-emitting diode (OLEDs).
10. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one compound of the formula (2)
is employed with the following functions and in the following layers in the device:
as hole-transport material in a hole-transport or hole-injection layer,
as exciton-blocking material,
as electron-blocking material,
as matrix material in an emitting layer or
as emitter in an emitting layer.
11. A compound of the general formula (2)
where the following applies to the symbols and indices used:
p, q, r, s
are 0 or 1, where p+q+r+s=1;
Z a 0 , Z b 0 , Z c 0 , Z d 0
are, identically or differently on each occurrence, equal to R 4
Z a 1 ,Z b 1 , Z c 1 , Z d 1 are equal to
B
is a single bond, a divalent aryl group having 6 to 30 ring atoms or a divalent heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , where, if B is a single bond, the nitrogen atom is bonded directly to the fluorene;
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are selected, identically or differently on each occurrence, from the following groups of the formulae (42) to (107) (119)-(121) and (123)-(142)
where the dashed line denotes the linking position to the nitrogen atom;
R 2 and R 4
are H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, C(═O)R 6 , CN, Si(R 6 ) 3 , NO 2 , N(R 6 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 6 ) 2 , S(═O)R 6 , S(═O) 2 R 6 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 6 C═CR 6 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 6 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 6 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 6 —, P(═O)(R 6 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aryloxy group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aralkyl group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 ,
and where at least one of the radicals from R 1 and R 2 represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 ;
R 1
is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, C(═O)R 6 , CN, Si(R 6 ) 3 , NO 2 , N(R 6 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 6 ) 2 , S(═O)R 6 , S(═O) 2 R 6 , a straight-chain alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 6 C═CR 6 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 6 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 6 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 6 —, P(═O)(R 6 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above—mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aryloxy group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aralkyl group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , where the radicals R 1 and R 2 cannot be identical and the radicals R 3 to R 5 may on each occurrence be identical or different, but is optionally identical to either R 1 or to R 2 ;
R 3 is H;
R 5
is H, D, C(═O)R 6 , CN, Si(R 6 ) 3 , NO 2 , N(R 6 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 6 ) 2 , S(═O)R 6 , S(═O) 2 R 6 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 6 C═CR 6 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 6 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 6 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 6 —, P(═O)(R 6 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aryloxy group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 6 , or an aralkyl group having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 6 ,
R 6
is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Br, I, C(═O)R 7 , CN, Si(R 7 ) 3 , NO 2 , P(═O)(R 7 ) 2 , S(═O)R 7 , S(═O) 2 R 7 , N(R 7 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, where the above-mentioned groups may each be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 and where one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by —R 7 C═CR 7 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 7 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═NR 7 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 7 —, P(═O)(R 7 ), —O—, —S—, SO or SO 2 and where one or more H atoms in the above-mentioned groups is optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 7 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 7 , where two or more adjacent substituents R 6 may form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one another;
R 7
is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 C atoms, in which one or more H atoms is optionally replaced by D or F, where two or more adjacent substituents R 7 may form a mono—or polycyclic ring system with one another; and
wherein the compound of formula (2) is a monoamine compound.
12. A process for the preparation of the compound according to claim 11 by means of Buchwald coupling.
13. An electronic device which comprises the compound according to claim 11 .
14. An electronic device comprising at least one compound according to claim 11 , wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic integrated circuits (OICs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field-quench devices (OFQDs), organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (OLECs), and organic laser diodes O-lasers).