Electrolytes comprising metal amide and metal chlorides for multivalent battery
An electrolyte includes compounds of formula M 1 X n and M 2 Z m ; and a solvent wherein M 1 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; M 2 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; X is a group forming a covalent bond with M 1 ; Z is a halogen or pseudo-halogen; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
1. An electrolyte comprising:
Mg p (hexamethyldisilazane) n Cl q wherein p is 3, 5, 7, or 9; n is 2, 4, 6, or 8, and q is 2, 4, 6, or 8; or
Mg(2,6-di-t-butylphenoxide) 2 and MgCl 2 ;
wherein the electrolyte is free of aluminum.
2. The electrolyte of claim 1 further comprising a solvent.
3. The electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, glyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, a crown ether, dimethoxyethane, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, sulfolane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene, toluene, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, tetramethylene sulfone, pentamethyldiethylene tri amine, or hexamethyltriethylene tetramine.
4. The electrolyte of claim 1 comprising
Mg 5 (hexamethyldisilazane) 2 Cl 8 or Mg 3 (hexamethyldisilazane) 4 Cl 2 .
5. The electrolyte of claim 1 which is void of AlCl 3 .
6. The electrolyte of claim 1 comprising the
Mg p (hexamethyldisilazane) n Cl q .
7. A rechargeable battery comprising:
a cathode;
an anode; and
an electrolyte comprising:
Mg p (hexamethyldisilazane) n Cl q or Mg(2,6-di-t-butylphenoxide) 2
wherein:
the electrolyte is free of aluminum;
p is 3, 5, 7, or 9;
n is 2, 4, 6, or 8; and
q is 2, 4, 6, or 8.
8. The battery of claim 7 which is a rechargeable magnesium ion battery.
9. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises a solvent.
10. The battery of claim 9 , wherein the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, glyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, a crown ether, dimethoxyethane, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, sulfolane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene, toluene, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, tetramethylene sulfone, pentamethyldiethylene triamine, or hexamethyltriethylene tetramine.
11. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the electrolyte is void of AlCl 3 .
12. A process for preparing an electroly, the process comprising:
contacting Mg(hexamethyldisilazane) 2 and MgCl 2 in a solvent;
wherein:
the electrolyte comprises Mg p (hexamethyldisilazane) n Cl q wherein p is 3, 5, 7, or 9; n is 2, 4, 6, or 8, and q is 2, 4, 6, or 8; and
the electrolyte is free of aluminum.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran, glyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, a crown ether, dimethoxyethane, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, sulfolane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, benzene, toluene, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, tetramethylene sulfone, pentamethyldiethylene triamine, or hexamethyltriethylene tetramine.
14. An electrolyte comprising Mg(2,6-di-t-butylphenoxide) 2 and MgCl 2 .