Biologically active sutures for regenerative medicine
The present disclosure generally relates to biodegradable and bioresorbable materials having a mineral layer on the surface of the material. More particularly, the disclosure relates to biodegradable and bioresorbable orthopedic devices having a degradable mineral layer on the surface thereof that can be used as a delivery vehicle for biological substances. Also provided are various methods of using the mineralized devices in tissue regeneration, including bone tissue engineering, and methods for producing the mineralized devices.
1. A biologically active suture comprising:
a suture material comprising one or more filaments, wherein a surface of the suture material is chemically hydrolyzed and comprises heterogeneous mineral nucleation sites thereon;
at least one degradable mineral layer associated with the surface of the suture material; and
at least one biological substance associated with the degradable mineral layer.
2. The suture of claim 1 wherein the suture material is bioresorbable.
3. The suture of claim 1 wherein the degradable mineral layer comprises a mineral selected from the group consisting of hydroxyapatite, α-tricalcium phosphate, β-tricalcium phosphate, amorphous calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, octacalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and combinations thereof.
4. The suture of claim 1 comprising at least a first biological substance and a second biological substance.
5. The suture of claim 4 wherein the first biological substance and the second biological substance are associated with the same region of the degradable mineral layer.
6. The suture of claim 4 wherein the first biological substance and the second biological substance are associated with different regions of the degradable mineral layer.
7. The suture of claim 6 wherein the different regions are alternating regions.
8. The suture of claim 1 wherein the suture comprises a first degradable mineral layer associated with the surface of the suture material and at least a second degradable mineral layer associated with a surface of the first degradable mineral layer.
9. The suture of claim 8 wherein the at least one biological substance is associated with the first degradable mineral layer, the second degradable mineral layer, or combinations thereof.
10. The suture of claim 8 wherein the second degradable mineral layer is not associated with a biological substance.