Scratch resistant glass and method of making
A scratch resistant alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. The glass is chemically strengthened and has a surface layer that is rich in silica with respect to the remainder of the glass article. The chemically strengthened glass is then treated with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid other than hydrofluoric acid, such as, for example, HCl, HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , or the like, to selective leach elements from the glass and leave behind a silica-rich surface layer. The silica-rich surface layer improves the Knoop scratch threshold of the ion exchanged glass compared to ion exchanged glass that are not treated with the acid solution as well as the post-scratch retained strength of the glass.
1. A glass article comprising SiO 2 , wherein the glass article is ion exchanged and has a porous silica-rich region extending from a surface of the glass article to a depth of up to about 600 nm into the article, and wherein the glass article has a Knoop scratch initiation threshold of at least about 12 N.
2. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a compressive layer extending from the depth of the silica-rich region to a depth of layer of at least about 20 μm, and wherein the layer has a maximum compressive stress of at least about 300 MPa.
3. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article has a Vickers crack initiation threshold of at least about 5 kgf.
4. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article comprises an alkali aluminosilicate glass.
5. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the glass article comprises a borosilicate glass.
6. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the porous silica-rich region of the glass article is acid treated.
7. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the depth of the porous silica-rich region is about 100 nm to about 600 nm.
8. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the Knoop scratch initiation threshold of the glass article is at least about 16 N.
9. The glass article of claim 1 , wherein the Knoop scratch initiation threshold of the glass article is about 20 N to about 60 N.
10. A method of making a scratch-resistant glass article, wherein the glass article comprises SiO 2 and is ion exchanged, the method comprising forming a porous silica-rich layer extending from a surface of the glass article to a depth of up to about 600 nm into the article, and wherein the glass article has Knoop crack initiation threshold of at least about 12 N.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming the porous silica-rich layer comprises treating the surface with at least one mineral acid other than hydrofluoric acid.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one mineral acid comprises at least one of HCl, HNO 3 , and H 2 SO 4 .
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one mineral acid is present in a concentration of at least about 0.02 N.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least one mineral acid is present in a concentration in a range from about 0.02 N up to about 60 N.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein forming the porous silica-rich layer comprises treating the surface with the at least one mineral acid at a temperature in a range from about 25° C. up to about 95° C.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein forming the porous silica-rich layer comprises treating the surface with the at least one mineral acid for a time period in a range from about 1 hour up to about 24 hours.
17. The method of claim 10 , further comprising forming the ion exchanged glass article prior to forming the silica-rich layer.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass article has a compressive layer extending from the depth of the porous silica-rich layer to a depth of layer of at least about 20 and wherein the compressive layer has a maximum compressive stress of at least about 300 MPa.
19. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass article comprises an alkali aluminosilicate glass.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the glass article comprises an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass.
21. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass comprises a borosilicate glass.
22. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass article has a Vickers crack initiation threshold of at least about 5 kgf.