Toner and two-component developer
Provided is [i] a toner including at least a colorant, a resin, and a releasing agent, wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (t 2 ) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 1.80 msec to 7.00 msec. Also provided is [ii] a toner according to [i], wherein the spin-spin relaxation time (t 2 ) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 3.80 msec to 5.90 msec.
1. A toner, comprising:
a colorant;
a crystalline resin; and
a releasing agent,
wherein a spin-spin relaxation time (t 2 ) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 1.80 msec to 7.00 msec,
wherein the crystalline resin comprises a crystalline polyester resin and the crystalline polyester resin comprises a urethane bond, a urea bond, or both thereof.
2. The toner according to claim 1 ,
wherein the spin-spin relaxation time (t 2 ) of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis is from 3.80 msec to 5.90 msec.
3. The toner according to claim 1 ,
wherein of a soft component and a hard component of the toner at 90° C. obtained by Hahn Echo method of pulse NMR analysis, the hard component has a spin-spin relaxation time (t H ) that satisfies the following relational expression <1> or <2> where t S represents a spin-spin relaxation time attributed to the soft component:
when t S ≧25.00 msec, t H ≦2.00 msec <1>,
when t S <25.00 msec, t H ≧1.10 msec <2>.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein in DSC of the toner in a range of from 0° C. to 100° C., a maximum endothermic peak temperature T1 of the toner at a first temperature raising and a maximum exothermic peak temperature T2 of the toner at a temperature lowering satisfy the following relational expression <3>:
T 1− T 2≦30.0° C. and T 2≧30.0° C. <3>.
5. The toner according to claim 4 , wherein in the DSC of the toner in the range of from 0° C. to 100° C., a maximum endothermic peak temperature of the toner at a second temperature raising is in a range of from 50° C. to 70° C., and an amount of heat of melting of the toner at the second temperature raising is 30.0 J/g or greater.
6. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein when a tetrahydrofuran (THF) soluble content of the toner is measured with gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a ratio of a content of the THF soluble content that has a molecular weight of 100,000 or greater is 5% or greater, and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the THF soluble content is 20,000 or greater.
7. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner has a core-shell structure, and a shell of the core-shell structure has a thickness of 40 nm or less.
8. A two-component developer, comprising:
the toner according to claim 1 ; and
a carrier having a magnetic property.
9. The toner according to claim 1 , which further comprises a non-crystalline polyester resin.
10. The toner according to claim 9 , wherein the non-crystalline polyester resin is a modified polyester resin.
11. The toner according to claim 9 , wherein the non-crystalline polyester resin is an unmodified polyester resin.
12. The toner according to claim 1 , which contains 10% by mass to 85% by mass of the crystalline resin.
13. The toner according to claim 1 , which has a glass transition temperature of 40° C. to 70° C.
14. The toner according to claim 1 , which contains 1% by mass to 15% by mass of the colorant.
15. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the releasing agent is a wax.
16. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the releasing agent is a wax having a melting point of 40° C. to 160° C.
17. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the releasing agent is a wax and the toner comprises up to 40% by mass of the wax.
18. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the releasing agent is a wax and the toner comprises 3% by mass to 30% by mass of the wax.