Underwater vehicles configured to perform vertical profiling and diagonal profiling, and corresponding methods of operation

1. An underwater vehicle configured to perform vertical motion in a body of water having a surface, the vehicle comprising:

a body having an elongated shape with a central longitudinal axis, the body having an upper end on the central longitudinal axis and a lower end on the central longitudinal axis; and

lateral control surfaces including a first control surface and a second control surface, the lateral control surfaces having a mechanical coupling with the body, wherein the lateral control surfaces are configured to rotate about a control axis in order to control an attitude of the vehicle during ascent or descent, and wherein the lateral control surfaces are further configured to position the lateral control surfaces horizontally and perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle at the surface of the body of water.

2. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the upper end is positioned above the lower end during descent of the vehicle from a first depth underwater to a second depth underwater.

3. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the body has a central lateral axis that is orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis, wherein the mechanical coupling of the lateral control surfaces is positioned at a position proximal to the central lateral axis, and wherein the control axis is parallel to the central lateral axis.

4. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the lateral control surfaces are disposed outside of the body, and wherein a given one of the lateral control surfaces has a portion extend from the mechanical coupling in a direction perpendicular to the control axis.

5. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the attitude is an inclination of one or both of the central longitudinal axis and the central lateral axis relative to one or more positional references.

6. The vehicle of claim 1 , further comprising:

a buoyancy control module configured to control vertical motion of the vehicle by affecting a buoyancy of the vehicle.

7. The vehicle of claim 4 , wherein the first control surface and the second control surface are configured to rotate independently from each other about the control axis.

8. The vehicle of claim 5 , wherein the one or more positional references include one or more of a surface of a body of water, a vertical line normal to a surface of a body of water, the four cardinal directions, or a direction of a current in a body of water.

9. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the lateral control surfaces are further configured to control a rate of descent.

10. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle further comprises a motion control module configured to control motions of the vehicle, the motions of the vehicle including one or more of an attitude of the vehicle, locomotion of the vehicle relative to one or more positional references, and a direction of locomotion of the vehicle.

11. The vehicle of claim 10 , wherein the motion control module comprises a trim control module configured to control a position of a center of mass of the vehicle relative to a center of buoyancy of the vehicle.

12. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the lateral control surfaces are movable into a spin configuration, the spin configuration being characterized by the working portions of the lateral control surfaces being disposed proximal to the same end of the vehicle with the first control surface and the second control surface being canted in equal amounts but in opposite directions.

13. A method for operating an underwater vehicle to perform vertical motion in a body of water having a surface, the vehicle having an elongated shape and a central longitudinal axis, the method comprising:

rotating lateral control surfaces, the lateral control surfaces having a mechanical coupling with the vehicle that has an upper end and a lower end, the lateral control surfaces rotating about a control axis orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis in order to control an attitude of the vehicle during ascent or descent;

wherein the upper end is positioned above the lower end during ascent of the vehicle, and wherein the upper end is positioned above the lower end during descent of the vehicle, and wherein the method further comprises:

positioning the lateral control surfaces horizontally and perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle at the surface of the body of water.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the lateral control surfaces are disposed outside of the body, the method further comprising extending a portion of a given one of the lateral control surfaces from the mechanical coupling in a direction perpendicular to the control axis.

15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the attitude is an inclination of one or both of the central longitudinal axis or the central lateral axis relative to one or more positional references.

16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:

controlling vertical motion of the vehicle by affecting a buoyancy of the vehicle.

17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:

controlling motions of the vehicle, the motions of the vehicle including one or more of an attitude of the vehicle, locomotion of the vehicle relative to one or more positional references, and a direction of locomotion of the vehicle.

18. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:

controlling a position of a center of mass of the vehicle relative to a center of buoyancy of the vehicle.

19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first control surface and the second control surface rotate independently from each other about the control axis.