Implant and method for manufacturing same
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an implant, in particular an intraluminal endoprosthesis, having a body containing metallic material, preferably iron. For controlling the degradation of the implant the method includes the following steps: (a) providing a first part of the implant body; and (b) performing heat treatment which alters the carbon content and/or the boron content and/or the nitrogen content in the structure of a near-surface boundary layer in the first part of the implant body in such a way that strain on the lattice or a lattice transformation, optionally following a subsequent mechanical load, is achieved in the near-surface boundary layer. Such an implant is also described.
1. A method for manufacturing a biodegradable implant, wherein the implant is an endovascular stent, the method comprising the following steps:
a) providing a first part of an endovascular stent body, wherein the body comprises a metallic material, optionally iron; and
b) performing a heat treatment on the body which alters a content of boron, or decreases a content of carbon in a structure of a near-surface boundary layer in the first part of the body in such a way that strain on a lattice or a lattice transformation, optionally following a subsequent mechanical load, is achieved in the near-surface boundary layer.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein after step b) a second part of the endovascular stent body is provided, after which the second part is positioned over the first part in such a way that the second part adjoins the first part, at least in a partial region of the near-surface boundary layer, and a system composed of the first and second parts is then subjected to heat treatment according to step b).
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein during the heat treatment according to step b) the boron content in the structure of the near-surface boundary layer is increased by boronization, the boundary layer optionally having a maximum thickness of approximately 300 μm.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the average concentration of boron in the near-surface boundary layer after the boronization is approximately 1% by weight to approximately 20% by weight.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein during the heat treatment according to step b) the content of carbon in the structure of the near-surface boundary layer is reduced by decarburization, the boundary layer optionally having a maximum thickness of approximately 50 μm.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the average concentration of carbon in the near-surface boundary layer after the decarburization is approximately 0.1% by weight to approximately 0.3% by weight.
7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein if the heat treatment is to decrease the content of carbon the part of the implant body treated by decarburization is quickly cooled.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein after the heat treatment according to step b), tribochemical treatment of the body is carried out on at least a portion of the surface thereof, and/or coating of the body with a pharmaceutically active substance is carried out on at least a portion of the surface thereof.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the body comprises manganese.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the treatment configures the endovascular stent to crack at the near surface area upon application of a mechanical load on the endovascular stent to facilitate degradation.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the body is dilatable, further wherein the treatment configures the dilatable body to crack at the near surface area upon application of a mechanical load after dilation to facilitate degradation.
12. A method for manufacturing a biodegradable implant, the method comprising the following steps:
a) providing a first part of an implant body, wherein the body comprises a metallic material, optionally iron; and
b) performing a heat treatment on the body which alters a content of boron, or decreases a content of carbon, in a structure of a near-surface boundary layer in the first part of the body in such a way that strain on a lattice or a lattice transformation, optionally following a subsequent mechanical load, is achieved in the near-surface boundary layer, wherein during the heat treatment the boron content in the structure of the near surface boundary layer is increased by boronization, the boundary layer optionally having a maximum thickness of approximately 300 μm, further wherein the average concentration of boron in the near-surface boundary layer after the boronization is approximately 1% by weight to approximately 20% by weight.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the average concentration of boron in the near-surface boundary layer after the boronization is approximately 7% by weight to approximately 10% by weight.
14. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the implant is an endovascular stent.
15. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the implant is selected from the group consisting of a bone screw, a bone plate, a bone pin, an intramedullary pin, a spiral bundle nail, a Kirschner wire, a wire for septal occluders, a surgical suture, an intestinal clamp, a vessel clip, and an electrode anchoring element.
16. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the treatment configures the implant to crack at the near surface area upon application of a mechanical load on the implant to facilitate degradation.
17. A method for manufacturing a biodegradable implant, wherein the implant is an endovascular stent, the method comprising the following steps:
a) providing a first part of an endovascular stent body, wherein the body comprises a metallic material, optionally iron; and
b) performing a heat treatment on the body which alters a content of boron or nitrogen in a structure of a near-surface boundary layer in the first part of the body in such a way that strain on a lattice or a lattice transformation, optionally following a subsequent mechanical load, is achieved in the near-surface boundary layer.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the body is dilatable.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein during the heat treatment according to step b) the nitrogen content in the structure of the near-surface boundary layer is increased by nitriding, or carbon and the nitrogen content in the structure of the near-surface boundary layer is increased by nitrocarburization, the boundary layer optionally having a maximum thickness of approximately 150 μm.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the average concentration of nitrogen in the near-surface boundary layer after the nitriding is approximately 0.5% by weight to approximately 17% by weight, optionally approximately 5% by weight to approximately 12% by weight.
21. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the treatment configures the body to crack at the near surface area upon application of a mechanical load after dilation to facilitate degradation.
22. The method according to claim 17 , wherein during the heat treatment according to step b) the boron content in the structure of the near-surface boundary layer is increased by boronization, further wherein the average concentration of boron in the near-surface boundary layer after the boronization is approximately 1% by weight to approximately 20% by weight.