Method of dental implant restoration

1. A method for dental restoration in an oral environment comprising:

(i) placing a sub-crown member comprising a final abutment component and a dental implant component into a jawbone, wherein said final abutment component comprises a modifiable portion that is made from a non-titanium material, and the final abutment is to be customized by modifying the modifiable portion;

(ii) directly measuring the shortest distance X1 between a location L1 on the surface of said modifiable portion and the surface of an object surrounding said modifiable portion in the oral environment;

(iii) comparing value X1 with a predetermined value Y1, wherein Y1>0,

(iv) if X1<Y1, directly modifying the modifiable portion on its location L1 in the oral environment without removing the modifiable portion out from the oral environment to increase said shortest distance X1 until X1≧Y1,

(v) optionally repeating steps (ii)-(iv) on one or more of other locations Ln on the surface of said modifiable portion with corresponding shortest distances Xn and corresponding predetermined values Yn until Xn≧Yn, wherein Yn>0, n is an integer, and n≧2, to completely customize the final abutment component;

(vi) producing a crown based on the shape of the final abutment component that has been completely customized in the oral environment, without removing said final abutment from the oral environment; and

(vii) attaching the crown to the completely customized final abutment component in the oral environment to complete the dental restoration.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said non-titanium material is selected from stainless steel, gold, silver, platinum, iron, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium; oxides; carbides; silicides; salts, silicates, aluminates, phosphates, fluorates, zirconates, and titanates; ceramic materials, a white stone containing alumina, and a glass; polymeric materials; any composites thereof; and any combination thereof.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said non-titanium material is selected from zirconia, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), and alumina.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said final abutment component comprises a modifiable portion and a non-modifiable portion.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the object surrounding said final abutment component in the oral environment is selected from a periodontal tissue, a gum tissue, a tooth, and a prosthesis.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said final abutment component has a hardness H≧10 K.H.N. (Knoop Hardness Number) under the ASTM D-1474 standard or a hardness equivalent thereto.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dental implant component is rigid, bio-compatible, and ankylosing.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dental implant component comprises a material selected from the group consisting of pure titanium, titanium oxide (TiO), titanium alloy, stainless steel, zirconium, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, polymeric material, and any combination thereof.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said final abutment component is pre-manufactured and comprises a material that is rigid, bio-compatible, and optically similar to dentin.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said final abutment component comprises a material selected from the group consisting of metals; oxides; carbides; borides; nitrides; silicides; salts, silicates, aluminates, phosphates, fluorates, zirconates, and titanates; ceramic materials, a white stone containing alumina, and a glass; polymeric materials; any composites thereof; and any combination thereof.

11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the metals are selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, gold, silver, platinum, iron, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, an amalgam, any alloy thereof, and any combination thereof.

12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the oxides are selected from the group consisting of oxides of the elements in groups IIIa, IIIb and IVb in the periodic table; oxides of Hf, Y, Ce, Sc and Er; zirconia, aluminous oxide or alumina, silica, SIALON, mullite, Li2O, ZnO, K 2 O, P2O5, CaO, BaO, SrO, and MgO; coloring and fluorescent metal oxides; any composite thereof, and any combination thereof.

13. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the polymeric materials are selected from the group consisting of a thermoset material, a thermoplastic material, an acrylic polymer, a methacrylic polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), polyamides, polyesters, a polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyether Ketone Ketone (PEKK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone ether ketone ketone (PEKEKK), a vinyl ester, an epoxy resin, a polyimide, a polyarylate, a polyacrylate, a photosensitive polymer, a polyolefin, an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, a high density polyethylene (HDPE), a polyurethane, a polypropylene, a polystyrene, an acrylated polyester, a styrene acrylonitrile copolymer, a ABS polymer, a polysulfone, a polyacetal, a polycarbonate, polyurethane dimethacrylates (PUDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), a polymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), tetrahydrofurftiryl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), diphenyl sulfone dimethacrylate, polytetramethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PTMGDMA), hexane diol dimethacrylate (1,6 HDDMA), polycarbonate dimethacrylate (PCDMA), a polyphenylene sulfide; a mixture of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), polycarbonate dimethacrylate (PCDMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), bis-glycidyl-methacrylate adduct of bisphenol A (Bis-GMA) and its acrylic counterparts; the adducts of 2,2,3-trimethylhexane diisocyanate with hydroxyalkyl acrylic species; any copolymer thereof, and any combination thereof.

14. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the polymeric materials are prepared from one or more monomers or oligomers selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxy-1,3-dimethacryloxypropane, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol trimethacrylate, butylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate, trimethylolmethane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, polyoxytetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis(methacryloxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloxypolyethoxyph-enyl)propane and an acrylate thereof, and di-2-methacryloxyethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene dicarbamate, 1,3,5-tris(1,3-bis(methacryloyloxy)-1-2-propoxycarbonylaminohexane)-1,3,5-1-(1H, 3H, 5H)triazin-2,4,6-trione, a urethane oligomer synthesized of 2,2′-di(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)propane, 2-oxepanone, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; and a urethane oligomer synthesized of 1,3-butanediol, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the polymeric materials further comprise a material selected from the group consisting of a pigment; an opaque on the exterior surface; fibers, powders, and particulates; a fiber reinforcement; fillers selected from silica, silicate glass, quartz, barium silicate, barium sulfate, barium molybdate, barium methacrylate, barium yttrium alkoxy (Ba2Y(OR)X), strontium silicate, barium borosilicate, strontium borosilicate, borosilicate, lithium silicate, amorphous silica, ammoniated or deammoniated calcium phosphate and alumina, zirconia, tin oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, titanic, carbon, graphite, polyaramid, polyethylene, polyesters, and polyamides, and any combination thereof, an inorganic filler containing powder of glass, wherein the inorganic filler may optionally be subjected to a surface treatment with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, and vinyltri(methoxyethoxy)silane; and any combination thereof.

16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the crown is rigid and translucent.

17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the crown comprises a material selected from porcelain, metal, metal alloy, ceramic material, polymeric material, and any combination thereof.

18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modifying of said final abutment component is performed by a mechanical means, a chemical means, an optical means, a thermal means, and any combination thereof.

19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modifying of said final abutment component is performed by a tool selected from a bur or a rotary file; diamonds; multi-use diamond dental bur; a dental carbide bur made of e.g. tungsten carbide steel; a dental sintered diamond bur; conical milling burs; a dental diamond disc; a tungsten carbide cutter; parallel milling cutter; dental steel bur; and any combinations thereof.

20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein before the application of the tool, said final abutment component is pretreated to weaken its strength on at least location L1; and the pretreatment is selected from vaporization, salvation or dissolution with a solvent, a chemical reaction and degradation.