System and method for a switch having a normally-on transistor and a normally-off transistor
In accordance with an embodiment, a method includes conducting a reverse current through a first switch that includes a normally-on transistor coupled in series with a normally-off transistor between a first switch node and a second switch node. While conducting the reverse current, the first switch is turned-off by turning-off the normally-off transistor via a control node of the normally-off transistor and reducing a drive voltage of the normally-on transistor by decreasing a voltage between the control node of the normally-on transistor and a reference node of the normally-on transistor. After turning-off the first switch, a second switch coupled to the first switch is turned on.
1. A method of operating a first switch coupled between a first switch node and a second switch node, the first switch comprising a normally-on transistor coupled in series with a normally-off transistor, the method comprising:
conducting a reverse current through the first switch, wherein the reverse current corresponds to a positive voltage between the second switch node and the first switch node, and the reverse current flows from a source node of the normally-on transistor to a drain node of the normally-on transistor;
turning-on the first switch comprising turning on the normally-on transistor via a control node of the normally-on transistor and turning-on the normally-off transistor via a control node of the normally-off transistor;
while conducting the reverse current, turning off the first switch comprising turning-off the normally-off transistor via the control node of the normally-off transistor and reducing a drive voltage of the normally-on transistor by decreasing a voltage between the control node of the normally-on transistor and a reference node of the normally-on transistor; and
turning on a second switch coupled between the first switch and a supply node after turning off the first switch.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second switch is coupled between the second switch node and the supply node.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein turning-off the normally-on transistor and reducing the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor are performed at substantially the same time.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the normally-on transistor comprises a gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT); and
the normally-off transistor comprises an enhancement mode MOSFET.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
turning-off the normally-off transistor comprises driving the control node of the normally-off transistor from a first voltage to a second voltage using a first driving circuit; and
reducing the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor comprises driving the control node of the normally-on transistor with a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the control node of the normally-off transistor and a second terminal coupled to the control node of the normally-on transistor.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein:
turning on the normally-off transistor via the control node of the normally-off transistor comprises driving the control node of the normally-off transistor from the second voltage to the first voltage; and
turning on the normally-on transistor via a control node of the normally-on transistor comprises driving the control node of the normally-on transistor using a clamp circuit coupled between the control node of the normally-on transistor and a source node of the normally-off transistor.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the clamp circuit comprises a diode coupled between the control node of the normally-on transistor and the source node of the normally-off transistor.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein turning-on the first switch, turning-off the normally-off transistor and reducing the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor is performed in response to a switching signal.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
turning-off the normally-off transistor comprises driving the control node of the normally-off transistor from a first voltage to a second voltage using a first driving circuit; and
reducing the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor comprises decreasing the drive voltage from a third voltage to a fourth voltage using a second driving circuit.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the fourth voltage is below a turn-on threshold of the normally-on transistor.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein turning on the second switch further comprises turning on the second switch a first period of time after turning off the first switch.
12. A circuit comprising:
a first driver terminal configured to be coupled to a control node of a normally-off transistor coupled in series with a normally-on transistor, wherein the normally-off transistor and the normally-on transistor form a first switch coupled between a first switch node and a second switch node;
a second driver terminal configured to be coupled to a control node of a normally-on transistor;
a third driver terminal configured to be coupled to a control node of a second switch coupled between the first switch and a supply node; and
a driver circuit configured to:
turn-on the normally-off transistor via the first driver terminal and turn-on the normally-on transistor via the second driver terminal,
when the first switch conducts a reverse current, turn-off the first switch by turning-off the normally-off transistor via the first driver terminal and reducing a drive voltage of the normally-on transistor via the second driver terminal by decreasing a voltage between the control node of the normally-on transistor and a reference node, wherein the reverse current corresponds to a positive voltage between the second switch node and the first switch node, and the reverse current flows from a source node of the normally-on transistor to a drain node of the normally-on transistor; and
turn on the second switch after turning off the first switch.
13. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the driver circuit is configured to turn-off the first switch by turning-off the normally-on transistor and reducing the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor at substantially the same time.
14. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein:
the reference node of the normally-on transistor is the source node of the normally-off transistor;
the second switch node is a source node of the normally-off transistor;
and the first switch node is the drain node of the normally-on transistor.
15. The circuit of claim 12 , further comprising the normally-off transistor and the normally-on transistor.
16. The circuit of claim 15 , further comprising the second switch.
17. The circuit of claim 16 , wherein the second switch is coupled between the second switch node and the supply node.
18. The circuit of claim 15 , wherein:
the normally-off transistor comprises an enhancement mode MOSFET; and
the normally-on transistor comprises a gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT).
19. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the driver circuit comprises:
a first driver having an output coupled to the first driver terminal; and
a second driver having an output coupled to the second driver terminal.
20. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the driver circuit comprises:
a first driver having an output coupled to the first driver terminal;
a capacitor coupled between the first driver terminal and the second driver terminal; and
a clamp circuit coupled between the second driver terminal and the second switch node.
21. The circuit of claim 20 , wherein the clamp circuit comprises a diode.
22. The circuit of claim 21 , further comprising a resistor coupled in parallel with the diode.
23. The circuit of claim 22 , wherein:
the first driver is configured to turn the normally-off transistor off for a first period of time; and
a time constant of a capacitance of the capacitor multiplied by a resistance of the resistor is less than the first period of time.
24. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the driver circuit reduces the drive voltage to a voltage below a threshold of the normally-on transistor.
25. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the driver circuit reduces the drive voltage of the normally-on transistor to a voltage that is not below a threshold of the normally-on transistor.
26. The circuit of claim 12 , wherein the first switch and the second switch are arranged in an half-bridge configuration.
27. A circuit comprising:
a normally-on transistor coupled in series with a normally-off transistor;
a gate driving circuit having an output coupled to a control node of the normally-off transistor, wherein the gate driving circuit is configured to turn the normally-off transistor off for a first period of time;
a capacitor coupled between the control node of the normally-off transistor and a control node of the normally-on transistor;
a clamp circuit coupled between the control node of the normally-on transistor and a source node of the normally-off transistor; and
a resistor coupled between the gate of the normally-on transistor and a source of the normally-off transistor, wherein a time constant of a capacitance of the capacitor multiplied by a resistance of the resistor is less than the first period of time.
28. The circuit of claim 27 , wherein the clamp circuit comprises a diode.