C-11 cyanide production system
A method for providing 11 C-labeled cyanides from 11 C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O 2 , wherein 11 C labeled oxides are reduced with H 2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11 CH 4 , the 11 CH 4 is then combined with an excess of NH 3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11 CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60% H 11 CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11 C labeled oxide.
1. A system for producing H 11 CN gas from 11 C-labeled oxides in less than nine (9) minutes, the system comprising:
a 11 CO 2 inlet conduit for receiving and conveying 11 CO 2 gas from a target;
a H 2 inlet conduit for receiving and conveying H 2 gas from a source;
a N 2 inlet conduit for receiving and conveying N 2 gas from a source;
a heated nickel furnace, said furnace having an entrance and an exit and arranged with a first subzone and a second subzone of substantially all nickel catalyst powder, wherein the first subzone is arranged at said entrance of said heated zone and the second such subzone is arranged at said exit of said heated zone, wherein said first and second subzones sandwich a third subzone which houses a mixture of nickel (Ni) catalyst powder and a molecular sieve, fluidly connected with said 11 CO 2 inlet, said H 2 inlet and said N 2 inlet for receiving the 11 CO 2 gas, the H 2 gas and the N 2 gas respectively therefrom, and for heating the 11 CO 2 gas, the H 2 gas and the N 2 gas in the presence of a nickel catalyst contained within said nickel furnace to produce 11 CH 4 gas;
a 11 CH 4 conduit connected to an outlet of said nickel furnace for receiving and conveying the 11 CH 4 gas from said nickel furnace;
a NH 3 inlet conduit for receiving and conveying NH 3 gas from a source;
a platinum furnace fluidly connected with said 11 CH 4 conduit and said NH 3 inlet conduit for receiving the 11 CH 4 gas and the NH 3 gas respectively therefrom and for heating the 11 CH 4 gas and the NH 3 gas in the presence of a platinum catalyst contained within said platinum furnace to produce H 11 CN gas; and
a H 11 CN outlet conduit fluidly connected to an outlet of said platinum furnace for receiving and conveying the H 11 CN gas from said platinum furnace,
wherein said 11 CO 2 inlet conduit, said H 2 inlet conduit, said N 2 inlet conduit, said nickel furnace, said 11 CH 4 conduit, said NH 3 inlet conduit, said platinum furnace and said H 11 CN outlet conduit collectively define a total system gaseous volume of about less than 18 mL whereby the system provides a total system cycle time for producing H 11 CN gas of less than nine (9) minutes.
2. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the system occupies a space less than or equal to about 20 cm×28 cm×27 cm.
3. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising a soda lime trap disposed in said 11 CH 4 conduit for removing unreacted 11 CO 2 gas from said 11 CH 4 conduit.
4. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising a mixer fluidly connected with said 11 CH 4 conduit and said NH 4 inlet conduit for respectively receiving and mixing the 11 CH 4 gas and the NH 3 gas from said 11 CH 4 conduit and said NH 3 inlet conduit.
5. A system according to claim 1 , wherein said nickel furnace further comprises an alumina tube and an electrical resistance heating wire wrapped around said alumina tube, said alumina tube having a length of about 4.5 cm, an outer diameter of about 1.3 cm and an inner diameter of about 9.5 mm.
6. A system according to claim 1 , wherein said platinum furnace comprises a quartz tube and an electrical resistance heating wire wrapped around said quartz tube, said quartz tube having a length of about 15 cm, an outer diameter of about 2 cm and an inner diameter of about 1.6 cm.
7. A system according to claim 2 further comprising a second heated nickel furnace fluidly connected via a three-way valve to said heated nickel furnace and said 11 CO 2 , H 2 and N 2 gas inlets.