Etoposide and prodrugs thereof for use in targeting cancer stem cells
The present invention pertains to the use of podophyllotox in derivatives, such as CAP7.1, in methods for inhibition of and/or prevention of the growth and/or survival of cancer stem cells. The invention discloses the surprisingly specific activity of the compounds in accordance with the invention against a cancer stem cell population. In this respect the present invention provides the use of the compounds as described in the treatment of cancer, specifically of cancers which have a high risk of developing metastases, chemotherapeutic resistances and/or cancer relapse. Provided are novel methods of cancer treatment, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds as described, for use in such treatment methods.
1. A method of inhibiting the growth and/or survival of cancer stem cells in a patient suffering from a cancer disease, comprising the steps of:
measuring on cancer cells of said patient an expression level of at least one cancer stem cell marker selected from CD19, CD20, CD24, CD26, CD29, CD34, CD38, CD44, CD45, CD105, CD123, CD133, CD166, Stro-1, nestin, GFAP, β-tubulin, CXCR4, α2β1, Oct3, Oct4, Cx43, Lrg5, ABCB5, ABCG2, ALDH, Sca-1 nuclear-catenin, and c-Met; and,
if the cancer cells of the patient express the at least one cancer stem cell marker at a predetermined level, administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to formula I,
wherein X is selected from the group consisting of O, NH and S, n is 0, 1 or 2, and R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and ethyl, or together form a group CR 3 R 4 and wherein R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and ethyl, or a solvate or salt thereof.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cancer disease is selected from the group consisting drug resistant cancers, metastatic cancers, aggressive cancers, refractory cancers, recurrent cancers and non-resectable tumors.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is suffering from a cancer selected from the group consisting of adenocarcinoma, hypopharynx cancer, lung cancer, diffuse large cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, lymphatic lymphoma, acute T-cell leukaemia, pre-B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, chronic and acute myeloitic leukemia, gastrointestinal cancers, thymus carcinoma, urothelium carcinoma, testicular cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, brain tumour, skin tumor, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, breast cancer and CUP syndrome.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the patient after being subjected to at least one therapy of said cancer disease is subsequently suffering from a cancer relapse of the same cancer disease.
5. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the compound according to formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
6. The method, according to claim 2 , wherein said drug resistant cancer disease is characterized by a tumor expressing a protein of the multi-drug resistant ABC transporter type.
7. The method, according to claim 6 , used to treat a tumor having a MDR1 phenotype.
8. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein said treatment further comprises the administration of an additional anti-cancer drug.
9. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is a human.