Compositions and methods for treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
The disclosure provides for a method for treating a fatty liver disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, comprising selecting a subject having or suspected of having a fatty liver disease or disorder, wherein the subject is non diabetic, pre-diabetic, mildly diabetic; has normal or substantially normal biliary tract function; or has non or early stage hepatocyte apoptosis; and administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising EPAs.
1. A method for treating a fatty liver disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof,
wherein the subject before the treating has one or more criteria of:
a serum level of soluble Fas (sFas) equal to or less than 10.0 ng/mL,
a serum level of cytokeratin-18 fragment M30 (M30) equal to or less than 1500 U/L, or
a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) risk score equal to or less than 3, wherein the NASH risk score=−6.4894+0.0078×M30 (U/L)+0.4668×sFas (ng/mL),
comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising ethyl eicosapentanoate (EPA-E), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable amide, salt, ester, or phospholipid thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is non-diabetic, pre-diabetic, or mildly diabetic.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject receives no treatment for diabetes or no anti-diabetic agent.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fatty liver disease or disorder is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fatty liver disease or disorder is NASH.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fatty liver disease is characterized by the baseline pretreatment level in the subject of at least one criteria selected from the group consisting of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a range of 10 to 300 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in a range of 10 to 250 U/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in a range of 25 to 55 mg/dl, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a range of 100 to 200 mg/dl, triglycerides (TG) in a range of 100 to 1000 mg/dl, total cholesterol (TC) in a range of 170 to 300 mg/dl, High TG and low HDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio in a range of 3.75 to 10, non-HDL-C in a range of 100 to 250 mg/dl, free fatty acid in a range of 400 to 1000μ Eq/L, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a range of 1.5 to 5, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a range of 5.7 to 10%, fasting plasma glucose in a range of 100 to 200 mg/dl, impaired glucose tolerance, and metabolic syndrome.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises the EPA-E.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein a therapeutically effective amount of the EPA-E administered to the subject is an amount from about 1800 to about 2700 mg per day.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein a therapeutically effective amount of the EPA-E administered to the subject is at least 1800 mg per day.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein a therapeutically effective amount of the EPA-E administered to the subject is at least 2700 mg per day.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a self-emulsifying composition comprising 50 to 95% by weight of the EPA-E, EPA or a pharmaceutically acceptable amide, salt, ester or phospholipid thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a self-emulsifying composition comprising at least 60% by weight of the EPA-E, EPA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable amide, salt, ester, or phospholipid thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least 5% by weight of an emulsifier.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the emulsifier has a hydrophilic lipophilic balance of at least 10.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the emulsifier is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and glycerin fatty acid ester.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the emulsifier is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene (20) hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene (40) hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene (50) hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene (60) hydrogenated castor oil, and polyoxyethylene (100) hydrogenated castor oil.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the emulsifier is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises ethanol content up to 4% by weight.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a lecithin.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the lecithin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of soybean lecithin, enzymatically decomposed soybean lecithin, hydrogenated soybean lecithin, and egg yolk lecithin.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a polyhydric alcohol.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol or glycerin.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the NASH risk score equal to or less than 3.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of sFas equal to or less than 10.0 ng/mL.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of M30 equal to or less than 1500 U/L.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of sFas equal to or less than 10.0 ng/mL and the serum level of M30 equal to or less than 1500 U/L.
27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of sFas equal to or less than 10.0 ng/mL and the NASH risk score equal to or less than 3.
28. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of M30 equal to or less than 1500 U/L and the NASH risk score equal to or less than 3.
29. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject before the treating has the serum level of sFas equal to or less than 10.0 ng/mL, the serum level of M30 equal to or less than 1500 U/L, and the NASH risk score equal to or less than 3.