Autonomous fire-fighting agent
An autonomous fire-fighting agent ( 10 ) formed from a material with fire-extinguishing properties. The material includes: microcapsules with a fire-extinguishing composition, the microcapsules having sizes of from 2 to 100 μm and being in the form of a halocarbon enclosed in a polymeric shell consisting of polyurea and/or polyurethane; and a binder. The binder includes a composite material having a polymeric component and mineral fibers and/or particles. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an autonomous fire-fighting agent ( 10 ) and an object which uses the autonomous fire-fighting agent ( 10 ) to fight a fire 10-20 s after ignition.
1. An autonomous firefighting agent for fire extinguishing, the autonomous firefighting agent comprising:
a composite material, said composite material having fire extinguishing properties, the composite material comprising microcapsules, the microcapsules having a size from 2 to 95 μm and containing a halocarbon fire extinguishing agent surrounded by a polymer shell composed of polyurea and/or polyurethane based on a polyisocyanate prepolymer, said microcapsules being dispersed in a binding composition comprising a polymer component as a polymer base and mineral fillers in a form of mineral fibers and/or particles, wherein the composite material is in the shape of a plate, said composite material comprising a glue layer applied onto one side of said plate and coated with a detachable protective film.
2. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 1 , wherein the halocarbon comprises one of the following first substances: 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodibromoethane; 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane; and 2-iodo-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, and/or a mixture thereof with other halocarbons.
3. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 2 , wherein the other halocarbons in the mixture comprises one of the following second substances: 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1-difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethane; 1,2-difluorotrichloroethane; 1,1-difluoro-1,2-dichloroethane; 1,2-difluoro-1,1-dichloroethane; 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane; 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane; 1-fluoro-2-chloroethane; pentafluorochloroethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodichloroethane; 1,1,1-trifluorotrichloroethane; 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane; 1,1-difluorotetrachloroethane; and 1,2-difluorotetrachloroethane.
4. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 1 , wherein the mineral fibers contain at least one of the following materials: glass fibers; basalt fibers; fibers of natural minerals; and fibers of synthetic minerals.
5. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 1 , wherein mineral particles contain at least one of the following materials: calcite; marble; chalk; natural minerals; and synthetic minerals.
6. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 1 , wherein the polymer base comprises at least one of the following substances: acrylic resin; alkyd resin; glyptal resin; latex resin; pentaphthalic resin; epoxide resin; polyurethane; polyurea; polyvinyl alcohol; and polyvinyl acetate.
7. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 1 , wherein the composite material is provided in at least one of an electrical switchboard, an electrical box, an engine compartment of a vehicle, a transformer station, a server station, an electrical switch gear and a power unit.
8. An autonomous firefighting agent for fire extinguishing, the autonomous firefighting agent comprising:
a composite material, said composite material having fire extinguishing properties, said composite material comprising microcapsules, said microcapsules having a size from 2 to 95 μm, said microcapsules comprising a halocarbon fire extinguishing agent and a polymer shell composed of polyurea and/or polyurethane based on a polyisocyanate prepolymer, said polymer shell surrounding said halocarbon fire extinguishing agent, said microcapsules being dispersed in a binding composition comprising a polymer component as a polymer base and mineral fillers in a form of mineral fibers and/or particles, wherein said composite material is plate-shaped, said composite material comprising a glue layer applied onto one side of said plate and coated with a detachable protective film, the composite material being configured to extinguish a fire upon the composite material reaching a predetermined temperature.
9. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 8 , wherein the halocarbon comprises one of the following first substances: 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodibromoethane; 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane; and 2-iodo-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, and/or a mixture thereof with other halocarbons.
10. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 9 , wherein the other halocarbons in the mixture comprises one of the following second substances: 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1-difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethane; 1,2-difluorotrichloroethane; 1,1-difluoro-1,2-dichloroethane; 1,2-difluoro-1,1-dichloroethane; 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane; 1-fluoro-1,1-dichloroethane; 1-fluoro-2-chloroethane; pentafluorochloroethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorodichloroethane; 1,1,1-trifluorotrichloroethane; 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane; 1,1-difluorotetrachloroethane; and 1,2-difluorotetrachloroethane.
11. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 8 , wherein the mineral fibers contain at least one of the following materials: glass fiber; basalt fiber; fibers of natural minerals; and fibers of synthetic minerals.
12. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 8 , wherein mineral particles contain at least one of the following materials: calcite; marble; chalk; natural minerals; and synthetic minerals.
13. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 8 , wherein the polymer base comprises at least one of the following substances: acrylic resin; alkyd resin; glyptal resin; pentaphthalic resin; epoxide resin; polyurethane; polyurea; polyvinyl alcohol; and polyvinyl acetate.
14. An autonomous firefighting agent of claim 8 , wherein the composite material is provided in at least one of a an electrical switchboard, an electrical box, an engine compartment of a vehicle, a transformer station, a server station, an electrical switch gear and a power unit.
15. An object, comprising:
an autonomous firefighting agent for putting out fire, said autonomous firefighting agent comprising a composite material, said composite material comprising microcapsules with a size from 2 to 95 μm, said microcapsules containing a halocarbon fire extinguishing agent surrounded by a polymer shell composed of polyurea and/or polyurethane based on a polyisocyanate prepolymer, said microcapsules being dispersed in a binding composition comprising a polymer component as a polymer base and mineral fillers in a form of mineral fibers and/or particles, wherein the composite material is plate shaped, said composite material comprising a glue layer applied onto one side of said plate and coated with a detachable protective film.
16. An object in accordance with claim 15 , wherein the composite material is provided in at least one of an electrical switchboard, an electrical box, an engine compartment of a vehicle, a transformer station, a server station, an electrical switch gear and a power unit.