Forming a frequency control component with a target effective capacitance range
A voltage controlled oscillator comprises a negative resistance, a first inductor, a fixed capacitor, and a frequency control component. The frequency control component comprises at least one varactor and at least a second inductor connected in series with the at least one varactor. A magnitude of an inductance of the second inductor is selected such that the frequency control component has an effective capacitance range larger than a capacitance range of the at least one varactor.
1. A method of manufacturing a frequency control component, comprising:
forming the frequency control component;
providing at least one varactor in the frequency control component, the at least one varactor having an associated capacitance range;
selecting a target effective maximum to minimum capacitance range for the frequency control component, the target effective capacitance range for the frequency control component being larger than the capacitance range of the at least one varactor;
providing at least one inductor in series with the at least one varactor in the frequency control component;
selecting a magnitude of an inductance of the at least one inductor such that the frequency control component has the target effective capacitance range; and
connecting the at least one inductor in series with the at least one varactor such that the frequency control component has the target effective capacitance range;
wherein selecting the magnitude of inductance of the at least one inductor is based on a quality factor of the at least one varactor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inductor comprises interconnect wiring coupled to the at least one varactor.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the selecting the magnitude of the inductance of the at least one inductor further comprising adjusting at least one of a length and a width of the interconnect wiring.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the selecting the magnitude of the inductance of the at least one inductor further comprising adjusting a distance between the interconnect wiring and another interconnect wiring.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inductor comprises an inductor coil.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inductor comprises a tunable inductor.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inductor comprises a transmission line.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inductor comprises a tunable transmission line.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one varactor comprises an analog varactor.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one varactor comprises a plurality of switched capacitors and wherein the at least one inductor comprises a plurality of inductors connected in series with respective ones of the plurality of switched capacitors.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one varactor comprises a switched capacitor comprising a semiconductor switch connected in series with a capacitor having a given quality factor and further comprising selecting a size of the semiconductor switch to at least partially compensate for a reduction in the given quality factor resulting from the effective capacitance range of the frequency control component being larger than the capacitance range of the at least one varactor.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
providing at least one varactor in the frequency control component comprises providing two or more varactors in the frequency control component; and
providing at least one inductor in series with the at least one varactor in the frequency control component comprises providing a first inductor connected in series with a first one of the two or more varactors and providing a second inductor connected in series with a second one of the two or more varactors.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein selecting the target maximum to minimum capacitance range for the frequency control component comprises selecting the target effective capacitance range to be larger than a capacitance range of the two or more varactors.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein selecting the magnitude of the inductance of the at least one inductor comprises selecting magnitudes of inductance of the first inductor and the second inductor such that the frequency control component has the target effective capacitance range larger than the capacitance range of the two or more varactors.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein selecting the magnitudes of inductance of the first inductor and the second inductor is based on quality factors of the first varactor and the second varactor, respectively.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising providing a plurality of negative resistance elements in the frequency control component within respective distances of respective ones of the two or more varactors.
17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing the frequency control component in at least one of a voltage controlled oscillator, a filter and a reconfigurable radio system.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the frequency control component controls an oscillation frequency.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the oscillation frequency has a tuning range greater than one octave natively.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the tuning range extends between 10.5 GHz and 24 GHz.