Hydraulic asymmetric damped belt tensioner
A belt tensioner for a power transmission belt may be provided that operates on an endless path and that utilizes asymmetric motion control. The belt tensioner may have an arm with a belt engaging section and a drum section, a support member for securing the tensioner relative to the belt, where the arm pivots on the support member, and a tension spring that urges the arm to pivot about the support member in a first direction and urges the belt engaging section against the belt with a force to tension the belt. The tensioner also may have a fluid filled chamber inside a portion of the drum section of the arm and a valve pivotally attached to the tensioner so that the valve extends across the fluid containing chamber.
1. A tensioner for generating tension in a power-transmitting belt as the belt traverses a first sheave and a second sheave, the tensioner comprising:
a base;
an arm pivotably attached to the base;
a pulley rotatably attached to the arm for engaging the belt;
a spring operatively connected to the arm and the base for urging the arm to pivot relative to the base in a first direction, thereby urging the pulley into engagement with the belt with a force to tension the belt; and
an asymmetric fluid damper comprising a fluid containing chamber located between the base and the arm, the chamber moving with the arm relative to the base, and a valve pivotably attached to the base and pivotable between an open position and a closed position, the valve pivoting to the open position when the arm moves in the first direction and pivoting to the closed position when the arm moves in a second direction, the valve positioned in the fluid containing chamber to restrict fluid flow when in the closed position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in the second direction;
wherein the valve is biased toward the closed position; and
further comprising a solenoid having a plunger movable between a retracted position and an extended position, the plunger engaging the valve to lock the valve in the closed position when in the extended position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in the first and second directions.
2. The tensioner of claim 1 wherein the valve includes a recess for receiving the plunger.
3. The tensioner of claim 2 wherein the recess in the valve is aligned with the plunger to receive the plunger only when the valve is in the closed position.
4. The tensioner of claim 1 for use with an automobile engine, the tensioner further comprising:
a sensor for obtaining a condition of the engine; and
a controller operatively coupled to the sensor for receiving a signal therefrom, the controller operable to move the solenoid plunger between the retracted and extended positions based, at least in part, on the signal received from the sensor.
5. The tensioner of claim 4 wherein the sensor is an engine speed sensor.
6. A tensioner system for generating tension in a power-transmitting belt as the belt traverses a first sheave and a second sheave of an automobile engine, the tensioner system comprising:
a first tensioner having a base, an arm pivotably attached to the base, a pulley rotatably attached to the arm for engaging a first span of the belt located between the first sheave and the second sheave, a spring operatively coupled to the arm and the base for urging the arm to pivot in a direction toward the belt, thereby urging the pulley into engagement with the first span of the belt with a force to tension the belt, an asymmetric fluid damper comprising a fluid containing chamber located between the base and the arm, the chamber moving with the arm relative to the base, and a valve pivotably attached to the base and pivotable between an open position and a closed position, the valve pivoting to the open position when the arm moves in the direction toward the belt and pivoting to the closed position when the arm moves in a direction away from the belt, the valve positioned in the fluid containing chamber to restrict fluid flow when in the closed position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in the direction away from the belt, and a solenoid having a plunger movable between a retracted position and an extended position, the plunger engaging the valve to lock the valve in the closed position when in the extended position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in both directions;
a second tensioner having a base, an arm pivotably attached to the base, a pulley rotatably attached to the arm for engaging a second span of the belt, a spring operatively coupled to the arm and the base for urging the arm to pivot in a direction toward the belt, thereby urging the pulley into engagement with the second span of the belt with a force to tension the belt, an asymmetric fluid damper comprising a fluid containing chamber located between the base and the arm, the chamber moving with the arm relative to the base, and a valve pivotably attached to the base and pivotable between an open position and a closed position, the valve pivoting to the open position when the arm moves in the direction toward the belt and pivoting to the closed position when the arm moves in a direction away from the belt, the valve positioned in the fluid containing chamber to restrict fluid flow when in the closed position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in the direction away from the belt, and a solenoid having a plunger movable between a retracted position and an extended position, the plunger engaging the valve to lock the valve in the closed position when in the extended position, thereby resisting movement of the arm in both directions;
a sensor for obtaining a condition of the engine; and
a controller operatively coupled to the sensor for receiving a signal therefrom, the controller operable to independently move the plunger of the first tensioner and the plunger of the second tensioner, respectively, between the retracted positions and the extended positions, based, at least in part, on the signal received from the sensor.
7. The tensioner system of claim 6 wherein the sensor is an engine speed sensor.
8. The tensioner system of claim 7 wherein the tensioner system is operable in at least three operating conditions including
a first operating condition in which the plunger of the first tensioner is in the extended position thereby locking the valve of the first tensioner in the closed position and the plunger of the second tensioner is in the retracted position thereby permitting the valve of the second tensioner to pivot;
a second operating condition in which the plungers of the first tensioner and the second tensioner are in the extended position thereby locking the valves of the first tensioner and the second tensioner in the closed position; and
a third operating condition in which the plunger of the first tensioner is in the retracted position thereby permitting the valve of the first tensioner to pivot and the plunger of the second tensioner is in the extended position thereby locking the valve of the second tensioner in the closed position.
9. The tensioner system of claim 8 wherein the tensioner system operates in the first condition when the sensor detects an engine speed in a first range, in the second condition when the sensor detects an engine speed in a second range, and in the third condition when the sensor detects an engine speed in a third range.
10. The tensioner system of claim 9 wherein the tensioner system operates in the first condition when the sensor detects an engine speed in a fourth range.
11. The tensioner system of claim 6 wherein the controller is operable to obtain a rate of change of the engine speed from the signal received from the sensor and is operable to move the plunger of the first tensioner and the plunger of the second tensioner based, at least in part, on the rate of change of the engine speed.