Method and apparatus for managing an exhaust gas feedstream for a spark-ignition direct-injection engine
The disclosure sets forth operating a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust aftertreatment system including a lean-NOx reduction catalyst upstream of a second converter element. The engine preferentially operates in one of a homogeneous charge combustion mode and a stratified charge combustion mode based upon temperature of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst. Exhaust gas flow is selectively diverted to the second converter element.
1. A method for managing an exhaust gas feedstream from a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine to an exhaust aftertreatment system including a first converter element including a first lean-NOx reduction catalyst upstream of a second converter element, comprising:
determining temperatures of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst and the second converter element;
operating the engine in a homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than a first threshold;
operating the engine in a stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within an allowable operating temperature range;
selectively operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element;
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode to regenerate the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst; and,
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode and selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at an air/fuel ratio rich of stoichiometry and selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element to regenerate the second converter element.
3. The method of claim 1 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at a rich air/fuel ratio and at an elevated temperature and selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element to desulfate the second converter element.
4. The method of claim 1 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at a rich air/fuel ratio to regenerate the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst.
5. The method of claim 1 , comprising operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is substantially saturated.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
including a selective catalyst reduction device as an element of the second converter element; and,
operating the engine at a rich air/fuel ratio for a period of time for the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst to generate an ammonia reductant storable on the selective catalyst reduction device; and,
operating the engine at a lean air/fuel ratio and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than the first threshold comprises operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than a working temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than a working temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst comprises operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than 250° C.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within the allowable operating temperature range comprises operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within a working temperature window of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within a working temperature window of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst comprises operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is between 250° C. and 500° C.
11. The method of claim 1 , comprising including a second lean-NOx reduction catalyst as an element of the second converter element and selectively operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is substantially saturated.
12. The method of claim 11 , comprising monitoring temperature of the exhaust gas feedstream upstream of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst.
13. The method of claim 12 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at a rich air/fuel ratio and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to regenerate the second converter element.
14. The method of claim 13 , comprising selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst exceeds the allowable operating temperature range.
15. A method for operating a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine fluidly connected to an exhaust aftertreatment system including a lean-NOx reduction catalyst upstream of a second converter element, comprising:
determining temperatures of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst and the second converter element;
operating the engine in a homogeneous charge combustion mode when the temperature of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than a first threshold;
operating the engine in a stratified charge combustion mode when the temperature of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within an allowable operating temperature range;
selectively operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element;
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode; and,
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode and selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at a rich air/fuel ratio;
permitting flow of the exhaust gas to the lean-NOx reduction catalyst for a period of time, and,
selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element for a period of time.
17. The method of claim 15 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the lean-NOx reduction catalyst is substantially saturated.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the temperature of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst is greater than a second threshold.
19. The method of claim 17 , comprising selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode at a rich air/fuel ratio and selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to regenerate the second converter element.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to regenerate the second converter element when the lean-NOx reduction catalyst is substantially saturated.
21. A method for operating a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine, comprising:
equipping the engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system including a first lean-NOx reduction catalyst upstream of a second converter element;
monitoring temperatures of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst and the second converter element;
operating the engine in a homogeneous charge combustion mode when the monitored temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is less than a first threshold;
operating the engine in a stratified charge combustion mode when the monitored temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is within a first allowable temperature range;
selectively operating the engine in the homogeneous charge combustion mode and diverting flow of exhaust gas away from the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst and to the second converter element when the monitored temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is greater than a second threshold; and,
selectively operating the engine in the stratified charge combustion mode and diverting the flow of the exhaust gas away from the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst and to the second converter element when the temperature of the second converter element is within a second allowable temperature range.
22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising:
including a selective catalyst reduction device as an element of the second converter element; and,
operating the engine at a rich air/fuel ratio for a time period to generate an ammonia reductant storable on the selective catalyst reduction device; and then
operating the engine at a lean air/fuel ratio and diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element.
23. The method of claim 21 , comprising selectively diverting the flow of exhaust gas to the second converter element when the temperature of the first lean-NOx reduction catalyst is greater than the first allowable operating temperature range.
24. The method of claim 21 , further comprising equipping the engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system including a second converter element comprising one of a three-way catalytic converter, a selective catalyst reduction device, a second lean-NOx reduction catalyst, and a particulate filter.