Rocker-type selectable one-way clutch with neutral position
A SOWC for use with a vehicle transmission is provided. The clutch includes outer and inner elements, also referred to as races, with the latter oriented concentrically within the former about an axis of rotation. A selection mechanism, which may be annular plates operatively connected with the side of the races and with one another, is selectively rotatable with respect to the inner and outer elements between different positions. Pivotable rocker elements are positioned between the races and are movable along cammed slots of the annular plates when the annular plates are rotated to establish a forward, a reverse, and a neutral operating mode corresponding with the different positions of the annular plates. In some embodiments, in the neutral operating mode, none of the rocker elements are in contact with the inner race.
1. A selectable one-way clutch comprising:
concentric inner and outer races each having first and second opposing sides;
annular plates operatively connected with the sides of the races and with one another; wherein the annular plates have cammed slots spaced therearound and are selectively rotatable with respect to the inner and outer races to different positions;
pivotable rocker elements positioned between the races and movable along the cammed slots when the annular plates are rotated to establish a forward, a reverse, and a neutral operating mode corresponding with the different positions of the annular plates; wherein torque is transferred between the races in a first direction via at least one of the rocker elements in the forward operating mode; wherein torque is transferred between the races via at least one other of the rocker elements in an opposing second direction in the reverse operating mode; and wherein no torque is transferred between the races in the neutral operating mode.
2. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 1 , wherein the rocker elements are configured such that:
when the annular plates are in a first of the different positions, said at least one of the rocker elements interferes with the inner and outer races so that torque is transmitted from the inner race to the outer race when the inner race rotates in a first direction of rotation, and the inner race overruns when the inner race rotates in a second direction of rotation;
when the annular plates are in a second of the different positions, said at least one other of the rocker elements interferes with the inner and outer races so that torque is transmitted from the inner race to the outer race when the inner race rotates in the second direction of rotation, and the inner race overruns when the inner race rotates in the first direction of rotation; and
when the annular plates are in a third of the different positions, the inner race overruns both when the inner race rotates in the first direction of rotation and when the inner race rotates in the second direction of rotation.
3. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 1 , wherein the rocker elements do not contact the inner race in the neutral operating mode.
4. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 1 , wherein one of the annular plates has a tab extending radially therefrom; wherein the outer race has a positioning slot with first and second ends and extending partially along an outer circumferential surface thereof; wherein the first and second positions of the annular plates are defined by interference of the tab with the outer race when the tab is at the first and second ends of the positioning slot, respectively.
5. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 4 , further comprising:
a pin extending through the tab and operatively connecting the annular plates;
wherein the pin moves with the annular plates when the annular plates are shifted between the first, second, and third positions.
6. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 5 , wherein the rocker elements each have an elongated finger portion extending from the body portion; wherein the inner race has recesses spaced therearound; and at least one of the finger portions extends into one of the recesses of the inner race when the annular plates are in the first position to permit torque transfer between the races; and wherein at least one other of the finger portions extends into one of the recesses of the inner race when the annular plates are in the second position to permit torque transfer between the races.
7. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 1 , wherein each rocker element pivots about a respective rocker pivot axis; wherein each rocker element has a body portion with a first partial cylindrical surface and an opposing second partial cylindrical surface; wherein the first and second partial cylindrical surfaces are concentric about the rocker pivot axis and are of different radial sizes; and
wherein the outer race is configured with recesses having partial cylindrical surfaces of the different radial sizes to maintain the rocker elements within the recesses.
8. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 7 , wherein the recesses are first recesses and wherein the outer race includes additional recesses; and further comprising:
springs within the additional recesses between the outer race and the rocker elements biasing the rocker elements into the first recesses of the outer race.
9. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 8 , wherein each respective rocker element includes a respective rib protruding therefrom to retain a respective one of the springs against the rocker element as the rocker element pivots.
10. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 1 , wherein each rocker element pivots about a respective rocker pivot axis; wherein each rocker element includes axial extensions offset from the rocker pivot axis and biased against a cam profile of the cammed slot by the springs.
11. A selectable one-way clutch comprising:
inner and outer elements concentric about an axis of rotation, at least one of the elements being rotatable about the axis of rotation;
pivotable rocker elements positioned between the inner and outer elements;
a selection mechanism generally surrounding the rocker elements and selectively rotatable with respect to the inner and outer elements between a first position, a second position and a third position to pivot the rocker elements so that the rocker elements permit one-way torque transfer between the inner and outer elements in respective opposing directions both when the selection mechanism is in the first position and when the selection mechanism is in the second position; and to prevent torque transfer between the inner and outer elements when the selection mechanism is in the third position; wherein the rocker elements do not contact the inner element when the annular plates are in the third position;
wherein the selection mechanism has connected plates surrounding the inner and outer elements axially, wherein each of the plates has cammed slots therein; and wherein the pivotable rocker elements pivot along the respective cammed slots when the selection mechanism is selectively rotated between the different positions.
12. A selectable one-way clutch comprising:
an inner and an outer race ; wherein the outer race is concentric with the inner race, each of the races having first and second opposing sides; wherein the outer race surrounds the inner race radially outward thereof;
annular plates operatively connected with the sides of the races and with one another; wherein the annular plates have cammed slots spaced therearound and are selectively rotatable with respect to the inner and outer races to different positions;
pivotable rocker elements mechanically controlled by the cammed slots of the annular plates to establish different operating modes of the races corresponding with the different positions of the annular plates; and
wherein the pivotable rocker elements are configured to establish three operating modes corresponding with first, second and third positions of the plates, including a forward mode and a reverse mode in which torque is transferred between the races in respective opposite directions of rotation, and a neutral mode in which the cammed slots prevent the rocker elements from contacting the inner race.
13. The selectable one-way clutch of claim 12 , wherein the inner race has a radially-outer surface with a first set of recesses spaced therearound;
wherein the outer race has a radially-inner surface facing the radially-outer surface and with a second set of recesses spaced therearound;
wherein at least one of the rocker elements interferes with the inner race in one of the recesses of the first set of recesses in the forward mode such that torque is transmitted by the selectable one-way clutch; and wherein at least one other rocker element is configured to interfere with the inner race in one of the recesses of the first set of recesses in the reverse mode such that torque is transmitted by the selectable one-way clutch.