ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE HAVING A DUAL WINDING AC TRACTION MOTOR
An electric traction system for a vehicle having a high voltage battery and a low voltage battery is provided. The system includes an AC electric motor and a double ended inverter system coupled to the AC electric motor. The AC electric motor has a first set of windings and a second set of windings that occupy common stator slots, where the first set of windings and the second set of windings are electrically isolated from each other. The double ended inverter system drives the AC electric motor using energy obtained from the high voltage battery and energy obtained from the low voltage battery. The double ended inverter system utilizes a first inverter subsystem coupled between the first set of windings and the high voltage battery, and a second inverter subsystem coupled between the second set of windings and the low voltage battery.
1 . An electric traction system for a vehicle, the system comprising:
an AC electric motor comprising:
a stator having winding slots formed therein;
a first set of windings wound in the winding slots; and
a second set of windings wound in the winding slots, the second set of windings being electrically isolated from the first set of windings;
a first inverter subsystem coupled to the first set of windings, the first inverter subsystem being configured to drive the AC electric motor;
a first DC energy source coupled to the first inverter subsystem, the first DC energy source having a first nominal voltage;
a second inverter subsystem coupled to the second set of windings, the second inverter subsystem being configured to drive the AC electric motor; and
a second DC energy source coupled to the second inverter subsystem, the second DC energy source having a second nominal voltage; wherein
the first set of windings and the second set of windings are configured as a transformer for voltage matching between the first DC energy source and the second DC energy source.
2 . The electric traction system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller coupled to the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem, the controller being configured to control the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem to achieve desired power flow between the first DC energy source, the second DC energy source, and the AC electric motor.
3 . The electric traction system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control power flow from the first DC energy source to drive the AC electric motor.
4 . The electric traction system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control power flow from the second DC energy source to drive the AC electric motor.
5 . The electric traction system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control charging of the first DC energy source by the AC electric motor.
6 . The electric traction system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control charging of the second DC energy source by the AC electric motor.
7 . The electric traction system of claim 1 , wherein:
the AC electric motor is a three-phase motor;
the first set of windings is a three-phase winding with three windings, each having a respective first end coupled to the first inverter subsystem, and each having a respective second end coupled to a first common node; and
the second set of windings is a three-phase winding with three windings, each having a respective first end coupled to the second inverter subsystem, and each having a respective second end coupled to a second common node.
8 . The electric traction system of claim 1 , wherein:
the first set of windings has a first number of turns associated therewith;
the second set of windings has a second number of turns associated therewith; and
the ratio of the first nominal voltage to the second nominal voltage is approximately proportional to the ratio of the first number of turns to the second number of turns.
9 . The electric traction system of claim 1 , wherein:
the first nominal voltage is a relatively high voltage;
the second nominal voltage is a relatively low voltage; and
the AC electric motor, the first inverter subsystem, and the second inverter subsystem are configured to provide galvanic isolation between the first DC energy source and the second DC energy source.
10 . An electric traction system for a vehicle having a high voltage battery and a low voltage battery, the system comprising:
an AC electric motor having a first set of windings and a second set of windings that occupy common stator slots of the AC electric motor, the first set of windings and the second set of windings being electrically isolated; and
a double ended inverter system coupled to the AC electric motor, and configured to drive the AC electric motor using energy obtained from the high voltage battery and energy obtained from the low voltage battery, the double ended inverter system comprising:
a first inverter subsystem coupled to the first set of windings and to the high voltage battery; and
a second inverter subsystem coupled to the second set of windings and to the low voltage battery.
11 . The electric traction system of claim 10 , wherein the first set of windings and the second set of windings are configured as a transformer for voltage matching between the high voltage battery and the low voltage battery.
12 . The electric traction system of claim 10 , further comprising a controller coupled to the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem, the controller being configured to control the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem to achieve desired power flow between the high voltage battery, the low voltage battery, and the AC electric motor.
13 . The electric traction system of claim 10 , wherein:
the first set of windings has a first number of turns associated therewith;
the second set of windings has a second number of turns associated therewith;
the high voltage battery has a high nominal voltage;
the low voltage battery has a low nominal voltage; and
the ratio of the high nominal voltage to the low nominal voltage is approximately proportional to the ratio of the first number of turns to the second number of turns.
14 . The electric traction system of claim 10 , wherein the AC electric motor, the first inverter subsystem, and the second inverter subsystem are configured to provide galvanic isolation between the high voltage battery and the low voltage battery.
15 . An electric traction system for a vehicle having a first energy source with a relatively high nominal DC voltage, and a second energy source with a relatively low nominal DC voltage, the system comprising:
an AC electric motor having a first set of windings and a second set of windings, the first set of windings being electrically isolated from the second set of windings, and the first set of windings and the second set of windings occupying common stator slots of the AC electric motor to form a transformer for voltage matching between the first energy source and the second energy source;
a first inverter subsystem coupled to the first energy source and to the first set of windings, the first inverter subsystem being adapted to drive the AC electric motor;
a second inverter subsystem coupled to the second energy source and to the second set of windings, the second inverter subsystem being adapted to drive the AC electric motor; and
a controller coupled to the first inverter subsystem and to the second inverter subsystem, the controller being configured to control the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem to achieve desired power flow between the first energy source, the second energy source, and the AC electric motor.
16 . The electric traction system of claim 15 , wherein:
the AC electric motor is a three-phase motor;
the first set of windings is a three-phase winding with three windings, each having a respective first end coupled to the first inverter subsystem, and each having a respective second end coupled to a first common node; and
the second set of windings is a three-phase winding with three windings, each having a respective first end coupled to the second inverter subsystem, and each having a respective second end coupled to a second common node.
17 . The electric traction system of claim 15 , wherein:
the first set of windings has a first number of turns associated therewith;
the second set of windings has a second number of turns associated therewith; and
the ratio of the relatively high nominal DC voltage to the relatively low nominal DC voltage is approximately proportional to the ratio of the first number of turns to the second number of turns.
18 . The electric traction system of claim 15 , wherein the AC electric motor, the first inverter subsystem, and the second inverter subsystem are configured to provide galvanic isolation between the first energy source and the second energy source.
19 . The electric traction system of claim 15 , wherein the ratio of the relatively high nominal DC voltage to the relatively low nominal DC voltage is at least 8:1.
20 . The electric traction system of claim 15 , wherein:
the relatively high nominal DC voltage is greater than 60 volts; and
the relatively low nominal DC voltage is approximately 12 volts.