Deposition methods and apparatus

1. A method for processing a thin film on a substrate at a substrate location, the method including:

locating the substrate in a first rotational position at the substrate location, the substrate location being opposed to a process station having a first axis that passes through the substrate location, the process station being arranged for processing the substrate during rotation about the first axis, the substrate location being symmetrical about a second axis parallel to but offset from the first axis and the substrate being rotated about an axis generally orthogonal to and passing through the substrate location to a second rotational position after an initial process and further processing takes place when the substrate is in the second rotational position.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1 where the axis of rotation is the second axis.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the substrate is rotated more than once and there are a plurality of deposition stages.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the process is continuous and the further processing or plurality of process stages are defined by the rotation of the substrate.

5. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the offset between the first and second axes is greater than zero and less than half the width of the substrate.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second rotational position is between 90° and 270° from the first rotational position.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the 1 sigma conformity is less than 0.5%.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the process is physical or chemical vapour deposition or etching.

9. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the process is sputtering and the process station includes a target and a magnetron rotatable relative to the target about the first axis.

10. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the process is sputtering and the process station includes a target, a magnetron rotatable relative to the target about the first axis and wherein the target has an axis of symmetry which is coincident with or offset from the first axis.

11. Process apparatus for processing a substrate at a substrate location, the apparatus including a process station for processing a substrate rotated about a first axis that passes through the substrate location and process station, and a substrate support for supporting a substrate about a second axis that passes through the substrate location wherein the first and second axes are offset and the apparatus further includes a substrate turntable device for rotating the substrate to a position which is rotated by less than 360° from its starting position.

12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 including a controller for operating the apparatus in the sequence:

(1) process the substrate to part of the intended depth;

(2) rotate the substrate to the position; and

(3) process some or all of the remaining intended depth.

13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 including a controller for operating the apparatus in the sequence:

(4) process the substrate to part of the intended depth;

(5) rotate the substrate to the position; and

(6) process some or all of the remaining intended depth,

wherein the controller controls step (3) to process some of the intended depth and steps (2) and (3) are repeated.

14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein the turntable device comprises a boss centrally located in the support and raisable from the support for rotation.

15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein the turntable device is driven by at least one magnetically coupled actuator.

16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein the process station includes a sputter target and magnetron rotatable about the first axis.

17. A method of treating a single substrate including placing the substrate in a substrate location opposed to a process station of an apparatus for processing the substrate, the process station being arranged for processing the substrate during rotation about a first axis that passes through the substrate location, wherein the processing at the substrate is non uniform wherein the substrate is rotated during processing or between processing steps to enhance conformity of process about an axis or axes generally orthogonal through the substrate location that axis or axes being located not at the substrate's center but within the substrate's edges.

18. A method as claimed in claim 17 wherein the process is etching, physical vapour deposition or chemical vapour deposition.

19. A method of processing a thin film on a substrate at a substrate location, the method comprising:

locating the substrate at a first rotational position about a first axis that passes through the substrate location;

processing the substrate using a process station opposed to the substrate processing location, the process station being arranged for processing the substrate during rotation about a second axis that passes through the substrate location, the second axis being parallel to but offset from the first axis, where the substrate remains at the first rotational position during the processing;

rotating the substrate about the first axis to a second rotational position; and,

further processing the substrate using the process station, the substrate remaining at the second rotational position during the further processing.