Collector unit with a reflective element for illumination systems with a wavelength of smaller than 193 nm

1. A collector unit for illumination systems with a wavelength of ≦193 nm, on which rays of a beam bundle impinge, which beam bundle emerges from an object in an object plane, comprising:

at least one mirror shell that receives the rays of the beam bundle emerging from the object and shows an optical effect; and

a periodic structure with at least one grating period applied to at least a part of the mirror shell.

2. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the rays of the beam bundle impinge under an angle of ≦20° relative to a surface tangent of the mirror shell.

3. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the mirror shells are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner to a rotational axis.

4. The collector unit according to claim 3 , wherein a plurality of the rotationally symmetrical mirror shells are arranged within each other around a common rotational axis.

5. The collector unit according to claim 4 , further comprising a plurality of ring aperture elements of an aperture on the object side which receives light emitted by a light source arranged in the object plane, wherein each mirror shell of the plurality of the rotationally symmetrical mirror shells is associated with a ring aperture element, and wherein the ring aperture elements do not overlap.

6. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the mirror shells are annular segments of aspheres.

7. The collector unit according to claim 6 , wherein the mirror shell is an annular segment of shape selected from the group consisting of an ellipsoid, a paraboloid, and a hyperboloid.

8. The collector unit according to one of the claim 1 , further comprising a first segment of the at least one mirror shell with a first optical surface and a second segment of the at least one mirror shell with a second optical surface.

9. The collector unit according to claim 8 , wherein the periodic structure is applied to the second segment.

10. The collector unit according to claim 8 , wherein the period structure is applied to a segment selected from the group consisting of the first segment, and the first and second segments.

11. The collector unit according to claim 8 , wherein the first segment is a first annular segment that is a section of a hyperboloid.

12. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the periodic structure is a blaze grating with a blaze angle ε.

13. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the mirror shells have an extension in a direction of a rotational axis differs and the extension is chosen in such a way 0 th order which is diffracted on a grating is absorbed by a rear side of an adjacent mirror shell, so that no light of the 0 th order emerges from the collector unit.

14. An illumination system for wavelengths of ≦193 nm, comprising:

a light source;

at least one collector unit; and

a plane to be illuminated,

wherein the collector unit is a collector unit according to claim 1 .

15. The illumination system according to claim 14 , further comprising a plane, between the collector unit and the plane to be illuminated, that is conjugated to the light source in which an intermediate image of the light source is formed.

16. The illumination system according to claim 14 , further comprising a diaphragm arranged in or close to the intermediate image.

17. An EUV projection exposure system comprising:

an illumination system according to claim 13 ;

a mask which is illuminated by the illumination system; and

a projective objective for projecting the mask onto a light-sensitive object.

18. The collector unit according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength is ≦126 nm.

19. The collector unit according to claim 18 , wherein the wavelength is in the region of EUV wavelengths.