Preparing nanosize platinum-titanium alloys
Nanometer sized particles containing titanium and platinum are prepared by a sonochemical process. Compounds of the metals are dissolved, suspended, or diluted in a low vapor pressure liquid medium, preferably at a sub-ambient temperature. A reducing gas is bubbled through the liquid as it is subjected to cavitation to affect the reductive decomposition of the metal compounds. Titanium and platinum are co-precipitated in very small particles.
1. A method of making nanometer size metal particles comprising platinum and titanium, the method comprising:
suspending or dissolving a precursor compound or compounds of titanium and of platinum in a low vapor pressure hydrocarbon liquid medium;
bubbling a reducing gas through the liquid medium; and
subjecting the liquid medium to ultrasonic vibrations at a temperature below ambient temperature to reduce the titanium and platinum constituents of the precursor or precursors to metal particles comprising platinum and titanium.
2. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which particles of a solid compound of platinum are suspended in a liquid medium containing a liquid compound of titanium.
3. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the reducing gas is hydrogen.
4. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the reducing gas is a mixture of hydrogen gas and it is used in combination with at least one inert gas selected from the group consisting of argon, helium, and neon.
5. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the liquid medium comprises a hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of tridecane, decalin, and tetralin.
6. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the titanium compound is a titanium halide or an organo-titanium compound.
7. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the titanium compound comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium (IV) tetrachloride, dicyclopentadienyl titanium dicarbonyl, indenyltitanium trichloride, and titanium (IV) ethoxide.
8. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the platinum compound is a platinum halide or an organo-platinum compound.
9. A method of making nanometer sized metal particles as recited in claim 1 in which the platinum compound comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of bis (ethylenediamine) platinum (II) dichloride, dimethyl (1,5-cyclooctadiene) platinum (II), and platinum (II) acetylacetonate.